The blue sky laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The blue sky laws - Essay Example It is a common practice for the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) to regulate the security trading activities and enforce laws which are against fraudulent trading. However, the sky blue law has granted authority to state officials to share the responsibility of the SEC (the reduction of fraudulent securities trading and/or ensuring the punishment of violators). The sky blue law has been successful, to a significant extent, in regulating the securities trading. Even though every state implements the law, but take a different approach, there are similarities which form the basis of the effectiveness of the law. First, every state, in pursuant to the law, demands the registration of all players in the security market. The law requires that the stock brokers, the brokerage companies, and private security sellers register or be excused from the requirements of the registration (Legal Information Institute par. 1). Based on the registration strategy, the security agency of various states has successfully managed to reduce the fraudulent securities trading by denying a trading license or certificates to unqualified brokerage companies and/or individual stock brokers. Second, the sky blue law contains subsections that compel companies to release true and fair information to facilitate informed decision making. Third, the law provides for the punis hment of individuals or entities that engage in fraudulent securities trading and/or the release of false information. However, the law has not been very successful in the security regulation of national securities such as those listed on the New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ among others (Legal Information Institute par. 1-3). In conclusion, the law has been successful in regulating securities trading. The registration process required to be followed by the players in the security market, the issuance of qualification certificates, the pressure to release true and fair information, and the punishment to

Predict human behaviour Essay Example for Free

Predict human behaviour Essay Dissonance theory accepts that we have these inconsistencies and basically says as humans we strive to smooth out any inconsistencies. This theory is best explained with an example; Jenny works everyday but today her sister is going shopping and has asked Jenny if she would like to come. Jenny should go to work and does. Jennys knowledge that she is missing out on the shopping trip is known as a dissonant cognition, whereas the knowledge that she has come to work and is earning some money is a consonant cognition. Her dissonance will increase even more if the trip is to an out-of-town shopping complex as opposed to the small local centre. Individuals do not want to have dissonant cognition therefore try to reduce it. Jenny can do this in a number of ways; firstly, she can keep telling herself about the extra money she is earning and perhaps convince herself that she had a pleasurable day at work. She could also reduce the dissonant cognition by telling herself she would have only spent money on things she cannot afford and doesnt really need. Consonant cognitions justify a persons chosen action and the greater the benefit of something, the greater the justification and the lower the state of dissonance. If however the benefit of the consonant cognition is only small then the dissonance will increase. Festinger and Carlsmith (1959) tested this theory by getting subjects to perform really dull tasks for an hour then asked them to tell the next subjects that the tasks were rather interesting. Subjects were offered either $20 or $1 for lying. Festinger and Carlsmith were interested in how the subjects felt after telling the lie. According to dissonance theory their feelings should depend on the amount of money they were paid. Subjects receiving $20 should feel little dissonance because the larger amount of money justifies lying. The subjects who received $1 should feel greater dissonance because the money didnt justify lying and these subjects would try and convince themselves the task was in fact quite enjoyable, in order to reduce dissonance. Festinger and Carlsmith found subjects in the $1 condition reported a more favourable attitude towards the task, which is consistent with the original predictions. Bem (1967) suggested that a persons behaviour is what shapes their attitude, for example (to quote Bem) since I eat brown bread then I must like brown bread. This logic could be linked with Festinger and Carlsmiths study because if the second lot of subjects were told the tasks were interesting then they would take this opinion on board and actually find the tasks interesting. Assimilation-Contrast Theory (Sherif and Hovland, 1961), this suggests we people favour their own attitudes and if a person comes across another person with an attitude relatively close to their own then they perceive it to resemble their own attitude more than it actually does (this is the assimilation part of the theory) and they will evaluate it in a more positive way by seeing it as fair. Basically this suggests people are biased when it comes to their attitudes because people will accept anything that resembles a similar attitude to their own. Attitudes which had less in common with their attitudes would be rejected and seen as unfair (this is the contrast part of the theory). This is mainly because assimilating attitudes is much easier than trying to accommodate new attitudes. The theory of reasoned behaviour (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975) suggests that subjective norms (which are beliefs about what is appropriate behaviour in a situation) and attitude towards the behaviour (based on expectancies and values) suggest a behavioural intention which then predicts behaviour. The definition of attitude and intention in this context is very similar and doesnt define in strong enough terms exactly what the intentions derived are. All this evidence shows varying approaches towards the attitude-behaviour link, some in support of attitude predicting behaviour and some against it. To say that attitude has three main parts which are highly correlated draws up too many contradictions to conclude it as the best theory, the single model provides more scope to address these contradictions but dissonance theory which suggest we will have inconsistencies and will just strive to balance them is a much more realistic proposal of how attitude links with and predicts behaviour. The evidence shows that there is a link between attitude and how it can predict behaviour but it is not to the extent that you can say it predicts a persons behaviour every time in all situations. References * McDougall, W. (1960) an introduction to social psychology 23rd ed. London New York. Methuen, Barnes Noble. * Mills, J. (1969) experimental social psychology. New York London. MacMillan, Collier-Macmillan * Ajzen, I. (1980) http://socialpsychology.org/ Does understanding a persons attitude help us to predict their behaviour?

The Theme Of Inherit The Wind :: essays research papers

In the play Inherit the Wind by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, the theme is that every person has the right to think. One example of the theme of this play is Rachel's progression towards independent thinking. In the beginning Rachel fears her father greatly. She says, "I remember feeling this way when I was a little girl. . . .But I was always more frightened of him that I was of falling. It's the same way now" (48-49). However, by the end of the book she has grown away from her father, and now has her own opinions and thoughts. Her new growth and acceptance is shown in her statement: "This is your book, Bert. I've read it. All the way through. I don't want to think that men come from apes and monkeys. But I think that's besides the point" (111). A second example of the theme of Inherit the Wind is shown by the way Drummond acts and how frustrated he becomes when he talks to Brady. In the courtroom, Brady says, "A man is on trial!" (64). Drumm ond is extremely agitated and replies by saying, "A thinking man! And he is threatened with fine and imprisonment because he chooses to speak what he thinks" (64). After their disagreement Drummond states his opinion, by saying, "I am trying to establish, Your Honor, that Howard-or Colonel Brady-or Charles Darwin-or anyone in this courtroom-or you sir-has the right to think!" (64). The theme becomes more apparent throughout the play by the way Cates stands up for and defends himself. At first, Bert Cates is very unsure of himself and is not sure if what he did was correct. Cates questions Drummond as to whether he should stay with the case or give in.

Comparison of Eastern and Western Philosophers

[Comparison of Eastern and Western Philosophers ] Comparison of Eastern and Western Philosophers I will compare the Western philosopher Socrates to the Eastern philosopher Lao Tzu. These two philosophers had some things in common with their ideas and philosophies that they pursued. Socrates was a western philosopher that lived in Athens Greece and Lao was thought to be from what is now known as the Hunan province of China. Socrates Socrates lived in Athens which was a city that taught it was better to solve problems through debate rather than violence. It was because of this environment he grew up in that he became a great debater and strived to discover something important, namely, the essential nature of knowledge, justice, beauty, goodness, and, especially, traits of good character such as courage (McGraw-Hill, pg. 37, 2008) . He believed that power was not attained through wealth or physical strength but rather it was achieved through discussion or debate. The Delphi Oracle is said to have pronounced Socrates the wisest of people. To Socrates this meant he was aware of his own ignorance not that he was the wisest man in the world. Socrates made many enemies after this because he set out to find a man wiser than him and exposed many of them as frauds this brought about his demise as he was sentenced to death for corrupting young men's minds. Even though it is said by Plato that he could have gotten out of prison he choose to remain there because by living in Athens he agreed to live by their laws. Lao Tzu Lao Tzu believed that it was not through intervention but rather through understanding of how it functions. He also believed that the foundation of life was through peace and not through strife. The wise ruler, Lao Tzu believed, understands that violence is a last resort and knows that it can often be avoided by anticipation, by reconciling potential enemies and resolving difficulties when they first arise. Lao also believed it was through deeds done for others and not doing just the things that benefited himself that would define a person. This thought is best supported by a quote from his views on virtue where he stated The superior man hoards nothing. The more he uses for the benefit of others, the more he possesses himself. The more he gives to his fellow men, the more he has of his own (McGraw-Hill, pg. 538, 2008). The absence of selfish desires is the secret to his virtue. What Socrates and Lao Tzu had in common Both Socrates and Lao Tzu thought that even the wisest of humans is still ignorant. Both held that to act on that ignorance under the pretense that it is knowledge is folly that leads not to progress and betterment within the individual and society but to the opposite effect( McGraw-Hill, pg. 536, 2008). Even though both Socrates and Lao Tzu believed in fighting for injustices. Both Socrates and Lao both believed that it is best to settle things through talking and that war should be a last resort because violence only causes more tension and a retaliatory type reactions. In conclusion we can see that there similarities and differences in how these philosophers went about getting their messages across to others Socrates was more open and engaging in his desire to find true knowledge and meaning and used his gift of debate to engage others to find a better solution. Where Lao believed in just letting things happen and unfold as they may and what happens is what is meant to happen. Both of these philosophers were alike in the fact that they both strongly believed in only using force as a last resort. As both of these types of philosophy's have many good points I am more proponed to agree with western philosophy because I think like Socrates it is important to stick to what one truly believes as long as it is not detrimental to anyone else. Because if one's life is going to have meaning then we have to stick to what we believe because at the end of the day what really matters is how we feel about ourselves. If we compromise what we believe because of how others see us then our lives mean nothing. There is a very good poem by an unknown author called The Man in the Mirror in this poem the author states that at the end of the day the only thing that matters is that we can look at ourselves in the mirror and like what we see. References Moore, B. N. ; Bruder, K. (2008). Philosophy: The power of ideas (7th ed. ). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

Divorced Parents Essay

My parents are divorced and have been since I was very young. My mother was initially granted custody, but I was placed in a foster home when she became disabled and could no longer support us. My father was then granted custody, and I went to live with him, his wife, and her kids. My stepmother hates me, heaps abuse on me, and wants my father to get rid of me. Starting in my junior year of high school, my father told me that he would no longer support me, and that I was going to have to pay rent if I wanted to continue to live with him. So I started working forty hours a week while I was attending high school to pay for my food, rent, and clothing. When I graduated from high school my father and his wife kicked me out of the house. My friend’s parents took me in and provided me with shelter. When it came time to apply for college, my father initially agreed to help me pay for school. When the Student Aid Report came back, however, he tore it up and refused to help. I was able to go to a local community college with my savings from work, but now he’s refusing to fill out the FAFSA. I am doing everything I can to pay for school, but I’ve exhausted my savings, and without any financial aid I’m going to have to drop out. Is there anything I can do to get myself declared independent? I’m self-supporting and haven’t lived with my parents for three years, but I don’t satisfy the federal definition. Please help!

Southern Discomfort Summary Essays

Southern Discomfort Summary Essays Southern Discomfort Summary Essay Southern Discomfort Summary Essay Jim Malesckowski received a call from his boss, who wanted him to go to Mexico and determine some figures for their manufacturing company. Their present plant is in Oconomo, Wisconsin, where they employ 520 people. Oconomo is a small town of just under 10,000 people and jobs are limited, so the company provides some help to their poor economy. Jim’s boss is thinking about moving the plant into Mexico where he could cut costs dramatically, saving the company millions of dollars each year. The workers of the company are part of a labor union that negotiates wages and duties with the company. The union does not want its workers to earn lower wages or become cross trained to do many different jobs. Jim is stuck between a rock and a hard place because his boss wants him to report the findings in Mexico yet Jim knows if he does then the plant will most likely move into Mexico. The company will save a lot of money in production and labor costs if they move but it will take away 520 full time jobs from the people of Oconomo. Jim needs to figure out what to tell his boss when he meets with his boss the next day. Assumptions: It is assumed that this is a very difficult decision for Jim to make. Businesses are faced with this problem all the time. If the business moves to Mexico then surely they will save money and have more money to invest with. It is assumed that Jim doesn’t want to be the bearer of bad news in the town of Oconomo where he would have to tell the workers that they are going to be laid off because the company is moving its plant to Mexico. Both sides of the situation must be heavily thought out as no quick decision can be made here. Main Concern: The main concern is for Jim to figure out what he is going to tell his boss. Jim needs to make a decision as to what he will report to his boss on the situation in Mexico. Vantage Points: The first vantage point is that Jim will tell his boss about the cheap labor costs in Mexico and in turn the company will move its plant. Jim may not want to do this but his job is on the line in what he reports to his boss. The second vantage point is for Jim to lie to his boss about Mexico and say that it’s not a good idea for the company to move its plant into Mexico. By doing this Jim would be saving the jobs of 520 full time employees in the town of Oconomo. The next option for Jim would be to tell his boss about the opportunity in Mexico but say the timing is not right and offer to move the plant in a couple of years. This would give the employees of the plant in Oconomo enough time to find other jobs in the surrounding areas so they are not just thrown out with nothing. Diagnosis: The first option of Jim telling his boss about the cheap costs of Mexico has a lot of positives aspects. If the company moves the plant into Mexico they will no doubt save millions of dollars each year in production and labor costs. The company would then have more money to invest with, possibly in another plant somewhere else, more money to invest in a bank, or more money to pay dividends to stakeholders. After all, the goal of just about every business is to make money in order to pay back its stakeholders. So by moving the plant to Mexico, the company would be achieving its main goal. The problem with moving the plant would be that many people would lose their full time income by getting laid off by the company. Over 520 people would no longer be employed in the town, and many families would have no source of income because the town is small and the jobs are scarce. The plant offers many jobs and opportunity to the town because the plant is the center piece of the town where many of its residence hold jobs. So if the company left for Mexico, the town and its people would be negatively affected by the move. The next option for Jim to tell his boss is to not move the company to Mexico and stay put in the town of Oconomo. Jim feels bad for the employees of the company if the plant was to move down to Mexico and almost wants to protect them. Jim has to decide is he thinks the move to Mexico is ethically correct. Some think that outsourcing to other countries is wrong and shouldn’t be done but big businesses argue that it’s fine in order to cut costs. But, if the company stays put then they will be spending way more money then necessary on labor costs because the union won’t cut prices. So the business has to argue why spend more money if they can do it for cheaper somewhere else. It just like if you could buy the same car from Japan for cheaper then you could in Detroit you would be crazy not to buy it in Japan. The business has the same mentality because their main goal as a company is to turn as much revenue as possible. If Jim was to tell his boss that the move was not a good idea at the present time but should be reevaluated at a different time, then this would give the employees enough time to find jobs elsewhere. Jim doesn’t want to lay off his workers but doesn’t want to disappoint his boss at the same time so by telling his boss to wait, he is satisfying both of his parties. Cheap labor will most likely always be available in other countries so the company will not miss that opportunity. By waiting a few years to move the plant into Mexico, the employees will have plenty of time to deal with the coming change.

Free Essays on Finance Report

Lamar Swimwear Trend Analysis In this second trend analysis we looked at the Lamar Swimwear Company. In a few of the ratio areas Lamar is not up to industry standards but are not that far off pace. In other areas they seem to fail miserably when their ratios are compared to the standard of the industry. Trend analysis looks at the performance of the company in a number of ways and compares them to the rest of the industry. Though not in many cases was Lamar able to meet the industry standards even though they saw a minimal increase in sales from 2001 to 2002 and from 2002 to 2003. The profitability ratios for Lamar were not far from industry standards. Their profit margin came in at 6.4% versus the standard of 7.9%. The profitability ratios allow a firm to measure their return on sales, assets and invested capital. When an organization runs into problems with these ratios it can sometimes be explained by how well they utilize their current resources. The profit margin shows what a firm receives on the return of the sales dollar (6.4%). Their return on assets also is lower than the average at 5.7% versus the standard of 8.9%. To increase this number they must find a way to turnover their assets quicker. The second group of ratios we look are how well a company utilizes its assets. Lamar does not collect its receivables as fast as the rest of the industry. Their receivable turnover is 5.2% compared to the 9.3% of the industry and it takes them 31 more days to collect their accounts receivable. These ratios simply show how long a customer’s account stays on the book. Lamar is able to generate more sales per dollar of inventory because the inventory turnover is 6.5% versus the average of 5.1%. Liquidity ratios are the third group of ratios that a firm looks at during a trend analysis. When comparing these ratios a firm may look at their ability to pay off short-term obligations as they happen. Lamar’s current ... Free Essays on Finance Report Free Essays on Finance Report Lamar Swimwear Trend Analysis In this second trend analysis we looked at the Lamar Swimwear Company. In a few of the ratio areas Lamar is not up to industry standards but are not that far off pace. In other areas they seem to fail miserably when their ratios are compared to the standard of the industry. Trend analysis looks at the performance of the company in a number of ways and compares them to the rest of the industry. Though not in many cases was Lamar able to meet the industry standards even though they saw a minimal increase in sales from 2001 to 2002 and from 2002 to 2003. The profitability ratios for Lamar were not far from industry standards. Their profit margin came in at 6.4% versus the standard of 7.9%. The profitability ratios allow a firm to measure their return on sales, assets and invested capital. When an organization runs into problems with these ratios it can sometimes be explained by how well they utilize their current resources. The profit margin shows what a firm receives on the return of the sales dollar (6.4%). Their return on assets also is lower than the average at 5.7% versus the standard of 8.9%. To increase this number they must find a way to turnover their assets quicker. The second group of ratios we look are how well a company utilizes its assets. Lamar does not collect its receivables as fast as the rest of the industry. Their receivable turnover is 5.2% compared to the 9.3% of the industry and it takes them 31 more days to collect their accounts receivable. These ratios simply show how long a customer’s account stays on the book. Lamar is able to generate more sales per dollar of inventory because the inventory turnover is 6.5% versus the average of 5.1%. Liquidity ratios are the third group of ratios that a firm looks at during a trend analysis. When comparing these ratios a firm may look at their ability to pay off short-term obligations as they happen. Lamar’s current ...

Persuasive Essay on Teenage Pregnancy

Persuasive Essay on Teenage Pregnancy Persuasive Essay on Teenage Pregnancy A persuasive essay targets to inform a particular group of readers about the detrimental impacts of a certain habit or activity. In the same way, a persuasive essay can also be intended to depict the positive side of an argument that is not favored by the majority in a group. For example, the head of communications in a large organization can write a persuasive report that presents the benefits of adopting new communication technology, say videoconferencing. When one writes a persuasive essay, he or she hopes to let somebody know that a change of behavior is necessary. In the end, the person that reads the persuasive essay will realize that he/she urgently needs to change from a costly, dangerous, or outdated practice and adopt a more effective alternative. Persuasive essays are mostly written when the issue being discussed has a likelihood of being highly resisted. Equally, writing a persuasive essay is the way to go when you are targeting a group of readers who have little or no awareness about the topic. For instance, young people nowadays engage in casual sex with little knowledge about the repercussions. Negative peer pressure and inappropriate media content are to blame for this trend. Over and above this, there are contraceptive advertisements all over that encourage young people to interact freely, knowing that they can always protect themselves when sexual urges emerge. In spite of all this, it is the responsibility of the society to shun premature sex. Parents have a duty to monitor their children’s’ behavior, but adequate information through persuasive essays can be helpful. The most effective persuasive essay on teenage pregnancy is one that is written using the direct approach. The implication of this is that the essay will begin with a summary of the dangers of teenage pregnancy. Usually, essays written in a direct format are attractive because the main argument catches the reader’s eye instantly. This leads him or her to desire to know the reasons why the writer has made the conclusion presented. Because teenagers often exhibit a tendency of instantaneously dismissing arguments that do not favor them, a direct approach will suppress this urge. Apart from employing directness in writing, the persuasive essay needs to incorporate recent statistics about teenage pregnancy. The written content of the essay will persuade the readers to change their view of early sexual activity. However, including several statistical examples to highlight the dangers of teenage pregnancy enhances the persuasive effect. For example, the writer can utilize the Internet to obtain statistics about the number of teenage deaths that were caused by unsafe abortions. In addition, if the writer can get hold of material written by a person whose future was ruined by teenage pregnancy, it would be better. The writer can also obtain the consent of prominent personalities to include their written advice on teenage pregnancy. Because making a decision is a personal matter, the writer can include a certain clause in the essay that encourages the reader to consult the writer for further advice or clarification if he/she needs to. Do you need help with writing a persuasive essay on this topic? Feel free to order a custom essay online at paper writing service now!

The success of Apple with the application of Porter's strategy theory Essay

The success of Apple with the application of Porter's strategy theory - Essay Example In 1996, Jobs arrived on Apple's campus for the first time in nearly 11 years, becoming interim and then permanent CEO† (Kanter, 2010). Many commentators therefore separate Apple’s history under Jobs as â€Å"Jobs I† and â€Å"Jobs II,† with the latter being his re-introduction to the company. Apple, during its early years, was quick to establish a core competence. As one group of authors states, â€Å"A company’s core competence can relate to any of several aspects of its business: expertise in building networks and systems that enable e-commerce; speeding new or next generation products to market; good after-sale service; skills in manufacturing a high-quality product; (and) innovativeness in developing popular product features;† these authors also stress the importance of â€Å"speed and agility in responding to new market trends and changing competitive conditions; know-how in creating and operating a system for filling customer orders ac curately and swiftly; and expertise in integrating multiple technologies to create families of new products.†(Thompson and Strickland, 1997). ... â€Å"We are living through extraordinary times for the music business. One of the great success stories of the 20th century is turning unpleasantly sour in the 21st† (Cook, 2003). From this perspective, it is fairly impressive that Apple has been able to capitalize in a market where it is essentially competing with a free product by putting its own 99 cent downloads up against it, successfully. â€Å"Apple has sold more than 500 million songs in 19 countries since it introduced iTunes in the United States over two years ago. While iTunes by itself is not viewed as a big money maker for Apple, it has helped drive sales of its wildly popular iPod portable music player† (Apple, 2005). From this perspective, the service is selling the hardware. Another major issue facing Apple is that if consumers do not see what they want aligned with their needs in a retailer, they are likely going to go someplace else to hire the product they are seeking. â€Å"The record companies hav e never had it so bad. The world is still saturated with popular music, but somehow its very omnipotence has taken the shine off its profitability: as popular as pop stars are, many of us have had enough of them† (Cook, 2003). Porter’s framework applied Porter’s Five Force analysis has achieved wide credibility as a form of industry analysis. Also, some of Porter’s key concepts can be applied to Apple. â€Å"The intensity of industry competition and an industry’s profit potential are a function of five forces of competition: the threats posed by new entrants, the power of suppliers, the power of buyers, product substitutes, and the intensity of rivalry among competitors† (Schmalnese, 1985). Porter’s Five Forces model of industry analysis is, stemming rationally from the

Responding to terrorism in Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Responding to terrorism in Britain - Essay Example One can see that internal insurgencies can be dealt with ease but the rapid spread of terrorism and it’s after effects on world nations cannot be dealt with ease. To be specific, cross-border terrorism is an imminent threat to the multiracial society of Britain. Problem statement: The report on the responding to terrorism in Britain proves that Britain plays an important role in terrorism mitigation in the international arena, but internal (within the United Kingdom) and external problems (global spread of terrorism) cause imminent threat to Britain in general. Background The origin of terrorism in Britain can be broadly divided into two: internal threats from those who fight for free Northern Ireland (IRA), from the Islamic terrorist groups that operate from UK and the treat from international terrorist groups operate from the Middle East Asia. Wayne C. Thompson stated that, â€Å"A Times poll showed that 86% of British respondents supported giving the police new powers to a rrest people suspected of planning terrorist attacks† (74). ... The Glasgow International Airport attack (2007) and Exeter bombing (2008) proved that the global spread of terrorism and Islamic extremism pose threat to Britain. Julian Richards made clear that, â€Å"We have mentioned that, in the UK, counter-terrorism work as we understand it today effectively began in 1883 with the formation of the Special Irish Branch by the Metropolitan Police in London, later renamed simply the Special Branch as it took on a wider range of work against extremist and terrorist activity† (50). So, one can see that rapid increase in the number of terrorist attacks forced the British authorities to adopt innovative measures to deal with terrorism in Britain. Responding to terrorism in Britain Earlier, the British response to terrorism was limited to the context of the attacks initiated by the Irish Republican Army. But in the 21st century, global spread of terrorism created much trouble in the multiracial society of Britain. Paul Thomas made clear that, â⠂¬Å"For Britain, the shock was different, as the 7/7 attacks were carried out by four young Yorkshiremen, all raised and educated, and some born, in Britain-‘ordinary’ young Britons with regional Yorkshire accents who had willingly killed themselves in order to also kill fellow Britons in the name of their understanding of Islam† (N.Pag.). To be specific, the Islamic extremists were able to influence some of the immigrants in Britain. This eventually led to extremist plots like London bombings in 2005. On the other side, the British response to terrorism is interconnected with anti-terrorist legislation under UK law. The Acts and laws aim to track down and limit the funding facilities of the terrorist groups, and detention of

Breakaway by Kelly Clarkson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Breakaway by Kelly Clarkson - Essay Example The producers of the song were Moody and Hodges, whereas the song was sung solely by Clarkson. The song ‘Because of you’ was released as a single on August 16, 2005. One can like the album because of its touching approach. For example, the song ‘Because of you’ takes away the soul of a person to a world where everything is fine but the traces of the circumstances go back to the experiences of some other person who had suffered a lot to enlighten the way for others. In this song, Clarkson tries to tell that she has learned a lot about living a safe life through the experiences of another person. She is living a life based on the experiences of some other person. Given below are a few lines from the song. Kelly Clarkson is an American singer who rose to prominence by winning the American Idol competition in 2002. She signed contracts with 19 Recordings, RCA Records, and S Records soon after winning the competition. Her first and record-breaking success as a singer occurred in 2002 with a commercial hit, ‘Before your Love’. This song led Clarkson to the heights of success and fame from where she never looked back. Since then, she has continued to deliver high-quality hits to the world of music. If we talk about the twelve songs included in the album, ‘Breakaway’, we can say that all of them are wonderful and are able to take away the mind and soul of the listeners to the world of feelings and emotions. The music sounds good both stylistically and emotionally, as well as the way it goes with the lyrics of the songs. The album received a good reaction even from the critics who were left with no other option than to admire the composition and approach of the songs included in the album. Comparing the album with other musical works of the same time, one will find it revealing, heart touching, and stylistically different.

Journal Project (Art and the Unconcious) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Journal Project (Art and the Unconcious) - Essay Example The message has a deep meaning and most of the times, it carries a warning for a person who is dreaming. According to Sigmund Freud, dreams are the creation of the unconscious mind and it is through the dreams that the unconscious mind tries to tell the person that there is some important aspect about the life that he is not dealing with (Gamwell, 2000, p.19). Hence, dreams and nightmares are wake up calls from the unconscious asking the human being not to suppress the reality, but to face it by expressing it. I remember a time in my life when I was haunted by a dream sequence regularly. It was a struggling period of my life. I was going through a problem in my personal relationship and was not taking a decision. The relationship was working negatively for me and was causing immense stress and misery in all aspects of my life. Even after suggestions from my friends to get out the relationship, I was somehow avoiding the decision. The nightmares I had were regular. My dream sequence was very confusing and still, very vivid. I dreamt that I was in a deserted building. There was a open lift hanging loosely and to get to the ground floor, I had to get into it and then go down. Also, the lift was little far from the podium. The lift was moving and the lift doors had no handles. But somehow I got into the lift by jumping into it and with lot of efforts, balanced myself. The lift was huge and was moving from left to right. The lift started going to the ground floor. It was going fine but suddenly the lift stopped and started swinging from left to right violently. I was scared and in that moment a pair long hands(kind of a super hero) came in from somewhere and hugged me and the next thing

Supermercados Disco Joining Up with Royal Ahold Case Study

Supermercados Disco Joining Up with Royal Ahold - Case Study Example It is also a growing market. The countries in consideration in Latin America are Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela. These countries have fairly stable governments and political environment and it is possible to do business here on long term basis although the economic and geographical conditions vary from country to country. The immediate problem is future strategy. It is the course of action needed to increase profitability and market penetration in Latin America. There are several options before Supermercados Disco. However, the main options are whether the company should choose to go ahead with a joint venture with Royal Ahold or continue independently. Other than this problem, there are choices to do with pestel analysis. There was strong economic growth in the 1990s, making it vital for the political dispensation to frame policies to maintain the growth curve. Economic prosperity made it imperative for political factors to go along with economic parameters and shun despotic influences. Argentina and Brazil became the favored destinations for retailers in the 1990s. Argentina was favored because of its wealth and Brazil because of its purchasing power due to its large middle class population. Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Venezuela were roughly equal in terms of disposable income, but they had unequal distribution of wealth excluding up to 40% of these countries' populations from normal consumer activity. The region was projected to growth continually in the ensuing decades producing increase in the size of the working population. Due to foreign investments, there was also the fact that cities would grow disproportionately in size and wealth improving communications and infrastructure. These changes were bound to favor retailers. State-owned enterprises were thrown open for privatization. Most of the steel mills, chemical, petrochemical, shipping and aircraft companies were sold to private parties. Price controls were lifted in 1993. In Chile, tariffs were cut down from 75% in 1975 to just 11% currently. Social factors Improving economic conditions had an effect on social factors. In the six largest countries of Latin America viz. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Mexico, and Venezuela, the population was over 80% urban. Brazil faced the biggest social problems due to poverty and lack of education. The country had to resort to credit schemes to allow poorer members of society to buy consumer durables, food and clothing. Brazil has the sixth largest population in the world. Hence, although Brazil has good middle class population, she has her share of poverty problems. Other than the Brazil factor, social factors in other Latin American countries showed improvement financially. People had money to buy what they needed. Technological factors Attraction of foreign investment

Product Life Cycle (Response 3) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Product Life Cycle (Response 3) - Assignment Example At the next level, is the life cycle of a specific product form – iPhone 4 -- within this larger product category. Finally, is the brand product life cycle which is given an adjustable managerial approach to keep it in the market at its value. The observed trend in the case of iPhone 4 is expected because the individual brand is the focus of management’s decisions(Hunt,2010). As marketing managers observe changes in the sales of their brands like in the case of iPhone 4, particularly if sales are perceived to be declining, changes are made in one or more elements of the marketing mix. These changes are focused towards offsetting, or reversing, sales declines. If successful, the declining sales trend always corrects itself, at least for a period of time. However, sales will again eventually decline and changes will again be made to some aspect of the marketing program (Hunt,2010). It should be apparent that these ongoing decisions to change elements of marketing programs will cause the trend or sales curves for individual brands to bounce around considerably. However, because the sales curves for many brands are summed to create the life cycle for the associated product form, and the curves for multiple product forms are summed to yield the life cycle for the entire product category, these latter two curves tend to be less erratic. This explains the consistency of iPhone 4 in its

Supermercados Disco Joining Up with Royal Ahold Case Study

Supermercados Disco Joining Up with Royal Ahold - Case Study Example It is also a growing market. The countries in consideration in Latin America are Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela. These countries have fairly stable governments and political environment and it is possible to do business here on long term basis although the economic and geographical conditions vary from country to country. The immediate problem is future strategy. It is the course of action needed to increase profitability and market penetration in Latin America. There are several options before Supermercados Disco. However, the main options are whether the company should choose to go ahead with a joint venture with Royal Ahold or continue independently. Other than this problem, there are choices to do with pestel analysis. There was strong economic growth in the 1990s, making it vital for the political dispensation to frame policies to maintain the growth curve. Economic prosperity made it imperative for political factors to go along with economic parameters and shun despotic influences. Argentina and Brazil became the favored destinations for retailers in the 1990s. Argentina was favored because of its wealth and Brazil because of its purchasing power due to its large middle class population. Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Venezuela were roughly equal in terms of disposable income, but they had unequal distribution of wealth excluding up to 40% of these countries' populations from normal consumer activity. The region was projected to growth continually in the ensuing decades producing increase in the size of the working population. Due to foreign investments, there was also the fact that cities would grow disproportionately in size and wealth improving communications and infrastructure. These changes were bound to favor retailers. State-owned enterprises were thrown open for privatization. Most of the steel mills, chemical, petrochemical, shipping and aircraft companies were sold to private parties. Price controls were lifted in 1993. In Chile, tariffs were cut down from 75% in 1975 to just 11% currently. Social factors Improving economic conditions had an effect on social factors. In the six largest countries of Latin America viz. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Mexico, and Venezuela, the population was over 80% urban. Brazil faced the biggest social problems due to poverty and lack of education. The country had to resort to credit schemes to allow poorer members of society to buy consumer durables, food and clothing. Brazil has the sixth largest population in the world. Hence, although Brazil has good middle class population, she has her share of poverty problems. Other than the Brazil factor, social factors in other Latin American countries showed improvement financially. People had money to buy what they needed. Technological factors Attraction of foreign investment

Lincoln electric case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lincoln electric case study - Essay Example Managers respect the production workers. They are also respected and valued for their contribution to the company’s business. The fact that the worker’s contribution is no less than that of the management towards the growth of the organisation is recognized and acknowledged by each of its member. Decentralized approach has made it possible even for the workers to challenge the management in case of wrong and unfair decisions. They can voice their opinion in case they feel that a certain decision taken by the management is unfair, or likely to bring negative effects on the organisation. Most of the workers are fresh pass-outs from schools when they are absorbed by the organisation and are provided the required training to perform various functions. Some of them are promoted to the position of executives because Lincoln believes in promoting employees from within the organisation and not from outside. The major reasons that can be attributed to the success of Lincoln are its quality standards and its responsibity towards its workers. Both these aspects have gone a long way to make this system extremely successful. The company focuses primarily on the welfare of its employees and their performance levels automatically improve. Workers are paid according to the piece rate system and rewarded for their performance. It is strictly ensured that they exceed their performance goals in order to achieve maximum pay. They are encouraged to put in their best efforts and rewarded accordingly. This company provides so much support to its employees that it has become their second home which bars them from leaving the company. Success of the organization in United States called for the process of diversifying its roles in foreign countries. Lincoln decided to purchase a number of plants in Japan, South America and also in some of the European countries. It

What Is E4 Missing Essay Example for Free

What Is E4 Missing Essay E4 is a channel which provides the audience with a variety of shows that fit into separate genres and have a mixture of programmes for their audience. The institution have specific timings for specific shows, there are some shows such as Dog Soldiers and the Inbetweeners rude road trip which are shown after 9pm. This is because there are certain images/language which have been used in the programme and is not suitable for those at the age of 15. This is where the primary audience fits in, E4 shows are for those at the age of 15-35 therefore they are classed as the primary audience as it is targeted at them however some shows may not be suitable for those at 15 such as the inbetweeners due to inappropriate launguage and images such as nudity therefore the institution should think about their target audience in order to allure more viewers. This attracts less audience because it comes on at such a late time that most people would not be up to watch it, these shows which provide bad language or images would attract teenagers more than those at a mature age because teenagers feel the need to know what goes on around them which is provided through surveillance in the TV shows. So screening the shows at a late time they attract less audience which means that their viewers may drop at night and this can affect their institution severely. E4 show very interesting and a variety of shows throughout the day and they all target different audience, for example My Mad Fat Diary is a show which is most likely aimed at girls who are going through obesity however this show also includes a mental illness and throughout this show audience pleasure is provided to the audience this is diversion where the audience have an escape from problems because the ones shown in the show are worse compared to the ones they are going through. On the channel there is not a show which attracts a full on audience such as female, male and adults. To become more successful E4 should think about equipping the audience with a show which appeals to everyone, this will increase their viewers which will make them want more and it will be the best way for them in order to become more successful. For example if they programme a family reality show so showing what occurs in a house behind close doors it will attract more viewers because viewers would want to see how other familys behave and see whether they are able to relate to them, this will provide the viewers with audience pleasure. The shows which are shown on E4 all fit under different genres and are aimed at certain people, however even though E4 is a channel which targets audience from the age 15-35 the institution should think about doing a timing which includes a cartoon or a programme which is suitable for kids over the age of six, children at that age enjoy watching any cartoon they can catch their eyes on. If E4 changes the target audience and includes young kids as the target audience and provide them with cartoons it will have a positive effect on their channel as they are missing a target audience of young kids. E4 provide quite a few genres however E4 do not have a show which fully attracts a male audience a genre such as horror and horror is one genre which would allure more audience in because of the twists and the suspense. The primary audience for horror is also 15-35 year olds therefore if the institution include horror in E4 then it will attract more of an audience because it is showing a variety to the audience. The shows shown on E4 provide the audience with a lot of entertainment however if the institution used a sub-genre on the channel it would fill in the missing gaps they have on the channel. Since the target audience starts from 15-35 and E4 does not have anything related to news which means that the teenagers are not receiving enough surveillance which will decrease their knowledge. To cover this the institution should think about channelling infotainment on their show where they have a sub genre of news and entertainment, this will attract more viewers because it will enhance their knowledge on surveillance and will also keep them entertained. E4 provide the audience with shows which show problems that occur in every day life, however they do not equip the audience with a show which information which concerns the social status, class gender etc. This is classed as demographics. If the institution include demographics in E4 then their show will receive more attention because they are then focusing on things that are really important in todays time.

Eternity In The Elegy The Seafarer English Literature Essay

Eternity In The Elegy The Seafarer English Literature Essay The elegy usually contains a story, not too often a personal one that expresses the implied authors woeful state of mind. As a formal poetic convention it is used by poets to capture the mood of sadness and sorrow caused by a personal loss or a state of affairs that is outside the reach of the protagonists influence. This is a somewhat simplistic account which understates the subtleties of the development of the elegy but its briefness is intentional for the purpose of this essay we need to note that the elegy as a poetic form is governed by the idea of lamentation. The Anglo-Saxon poem The Seafarer thus falls conveniently in such a description of form. But it is remarkable how the poem initiates its story as a conventional elegy and it subsequently develops into a theological didacticism. The first-person narrative of the seaman lamenting his life at sea gives way to a religious admonition which gives the poem a feeling of incongruity and can lead one to believe that the second par t could have been added at later stages. Although, on close reading the links between the seamans insistence on lifes transience in the first part and his subsequent emphasis on eternity in the second can be made obvious and serve to compound the poem into a structural and thematic whole. The first half of The Seafarers story illustrates the protagonist as a lonely figure dwelling more among arctic creatures than among his fellow kinsmen. He emphasizes his loneliness with a juxtaposition between the realms of men and the ones of nature: At times the swans song I took to myself as pleasure, The Gannets noise and the voice of curlew instead of the laughter of men, The singing gull instead of the drinking of mead. (lines 19b 22) But nature itself is not a pure source of comfort as the above lines may suggest for she throws snow and hail and wind at his vessel and at such times no cheerful kinsman can comfort the poor soul (ll. 25b 26). It is an excursion through a hostile environment which is credited with being close to a peregrination, a journey of physical and spiritual endurance, as the protagonist confesses a path of exile. It should be noted that it is an intentional one. We read of him being physically on land but somewhat sea-restless, with his thoughts and heart still following the sea, desiring the moment when he would set off to meet the homelands of foreign people. The cuckoo warns with a sad voice (line 53) but still the seaman is eager to leave. The idea of the sea journey in the first half of the poem as peregrination, albeit a bit too subtle and only hinted at, is one of the links that provide continuity and coherence with the seemingly incongruent second part of the elegy. The seamans story develops structurally through an intense usage of oppositions. His narrative leaps back and forth from ship to land, sustaining the clash between the loneliness of the sea and the joys of the land. With the development of the poem, the opposition sea-land is given the overtone of a value judgment, bordering with a revelation acquired from the wisdom of seafaring. That one who has been distanced from the land is able to realize the temporariness of his or her life, and the futility of amassing treasures. The worldly preoccupations of the inhabitants on land are equated with futility, aimlessness, devoid of any governing idea whereas the life at sea is the antipode the source of the semi-spiritual revelation. The one on land has the joys of life, dwells in the city, Far from terrible journey, proud and wanton with wine. (lines 27a 29a) and he gives little credit to: how I, weary, often have had to endure in the sea-paths (lines 29b 30b) The juxtaposition between these two verbs is more than stylistical. For it serves to support the overall opposition between land/sea: the inhabitants of land are capable of actually living in an intoxicated conceit while the seafarer has to bear the troubles of his journey. In a metonymic succession, the seaman declares himself heedless to the worldly occupations: Not for him [the seaman] is the sound of the harp, nor the giving of rings nor pleasure in woman, nor worldly glory nor anything at all unless the tossing of the waves, but he always has longing, he who strives on the waves. (lines 44a 47b) In my reading, the striving for the waves is a metaphoric enunciation of the credo of the pilgrim. The sea is the half-spiritual journey that enlightens one into seeing the transience of life on earth. For everything, as the seafarer declares, always and invariably à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ will turn into uncertainty and man is, as much he surround him or herself with worldly goods, doomed to die. Earthly prosperity is transitory, life itself is only a short burst of existence and it is futile for one to account for his life with the accumulation of material goods. Up to this moment the elegy is a somewhat traditional one, in that it present the lamentation of a single character over a troublesome state of affairs, in the case of The Seafarer, a semi-spiritual state of affairs. But with a powerful enunciation of his disbelief of the worlds stability: I do not believe that the riches of the world will stand forever. (lines 66b 67b) the protagonist launches into a religious monologue in which he expounds his ideas of how one should live and act after knowing of his temporariness. At this textual moment, the poem perceptibly shifts from a heroic elegy to a didactic-theological one. The core that holds together the poem is the opposition in the first part land/sea now evolved into transient/eternal and the feeling of melancholy. Indeed hotter for me are the joys of the Lord Than this dead life fleeting on the ground (lines 64b 66a) What would then give joy and substance to ones life on earth so that it does merely fleet, or drag itself into death? The seaman passionately states that work, bravery, courage, which eventually inflame the power of his fame, might lead one to a communion with the glory of the angels, joy with the hosts. In a telling parallel, the glory of life in eternity will come when the glory of kingdoms once powerful will set. The second part of The Seafarer is clearly more symbolically construed and the image of the kingdoms, I suspect, stands for the demise in importance of worldly values. So do the implicit pagan references in the image of the burial lined with gold and a mass of treasure for all of those are no longer of value in the eternal. Thus the road to eternity is illustrated as lined not with gold but with a balance in ones life, control of his passions, and wisdom in his relationships all spiritual, metaphysical categories. The poem shows how the transience of life could be counte racted by following a series of semi-commandments (for all their rhetorical might they are still subjective, expressed through the viewpoint of the narrator-protagonist) that would lead into a blessed state of affairs in which ones life is belonging à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in the love of the Lord, joy in the heavens (lines 121a 122b). The insecurity of a life on earth, with all its materials transient and mortal, is transformed through a theological didacticism into a security in the eternal. The Seafarer is at first a sight an inconsistent poem with two delineated parts that are somewhat incongruous with each other. But the opposition sea/land which promotes the idea of a solitary, melancholic journey evolves into a metaphysical opposition between transitory/eternal and thus is one of the brinks that bind the poem together. The idea of a pilgrimage in the first part is consistent with the religious overtones of the second and thus unites both of them into a textual unity that serves to promote a vision and philosophy of a life in a world marked by transience. The relation between the lamentation and the obvious didacticism fits loosely within the convention of the elegy but poem is held together by the interplay of recurrent, yet evolving oppositions and by the sincere authority of the protagonist himself. Work cited: 1. The Seafarer

Shakespeares Macbeth as a Tragic Hero Essay -- Macbeth essays

Macbeth as a Tragic Hero According to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, "The best tragic plot moves the hero from prosperity to misfortune, occasioned not by depravity, but by some great mistake he makes. The plot of Macbeth follows these basic guidelines; throughout the play we follow the path of the main character as his life is torn apart as a result of the colossal mistake he makes when he kills Duncan. It is for this and the many ensuing reasons that we can say that Macbeth accurately portrays the image of a tragic hero as outlined by Aristotle. Aristotle's first guideline for an effective tragic hero is someone that is basically good. While Macbeth does not exactly make sound moral decisions, toward the beginning of the play his conscience is fighting against his greed, and this demonstrates that he does have a basic level of goodness, although towards the end it is difficult to find it. For example, Macbeth says, "We will proceed no further in this business; he hath honored me of late, and I have bought golden opinions from all sorts of people..." This seems to be his conscience speaking out against the proposed killing of Duncan. It is, however, a very feeble protest, but this is probably due more to the passive tendencies he harbored before the first killing than to a lack of inner goodness. Macbeth was probably a good man in the beginning, but because he is easily influenced and as a result of his inability to make good decisions, it is easy to lose sight of that basic goodness that is undoubtedly in him. Aristotle also states that a hero should be lifelike. Although he never states exactly what he means, it is usually interpreted to mean that a tragic hero should seem like a real human b... ...whole mess in the beginning- in battle. In conclusion, these numerous different factors lead me to say that Macbeth can accurately be called a 'tragic hero'. Even at the most basic level of tragedy it is true, because there is a definite feeling of pity for him. Despite the fact that he ruthlessly murdered numerous prominent individuals, including his own king, there is still a sense of pity. While the audience ultimately feels relieved that Macbeth is justly punished at the expense of his own life, there is the feeling that he was really just a good guy who made some bad choices and got pulled into something way over his head. For this reason we sympathize with him, and out of the realization that this situation could quite possibly happen to any of us, fear and pity him as well. All these factors combined prove that Macbeth really is a tragic hero.

Death Changes Essay

Changes in Death Management Practices One of the first noted changes in the book regarding attitudes towards death can be seen with the advances in mass media. As Technology has advanced, so have the ways in which news is reported to the world. Radio, Television, and the Internet have given the public many ways of receiving information. When situations portray a perceived threat, people turn to mass media for information. The ability to access information regarding worldwide disasters, terrorism, and other acts of brutality make us feel like survivors of death. Because we are able to see and hear about things that we have no firsthand knowledge of, we feel like we are experiencing it to some degree. (DeSpelder, Strickland pg. 6) During the Vietnam War, television gave people access to images of things that were happening half a world away. In no other time were daily doses of violence to this degree a part of everyday life. Media analyst George Gerbner observed that these depictions of death evoked a heightened sense of danger, insecurity, and mistrust which contributed to an â€Å"irrational dread of dying and thus to diminished vitality and self-direction in life† (DeSpelder, Strickland pg. 8) Life expectancy and Mortality Rates have been affected by technology as well. In 1900, the average life expectancy was 47 years of age in the United States. As of 2005, the average life expectancy rose to 78 years of age. This rise can be attributed to epidemiologic transition which moves the largest number of deaths from the young to the old. In the early days people died from infection due to lack of medication and knowledge on how to treat and prevent. As this knowledge was gained, deaths tended to be from chronic disease processes that are common in the older population rather than young. In 1900, over half of deaths that occurred were to children under the age of 14. That number has decreased to less than 2% and this fact influences how we feel and think about death. (DeSpelder, Strickland pg. 36) In the 1870’s, nine out of ten Americans over the age of 15 had lost a parent or a sibling. Because medicine and medical care was not advanced, mother’s died during child birth and/or babies were born still born due to lack of prenatal knowledge and care advancement. The family unit was very important and often people in this time period would display postmortem pictures of loved ones who had passed as a testament to this family unit and the common knowledge of their mortality. One other change that has taken place is death rituals. In the early 1900’s families were more likely to be multigenerational living in the same house. People tended to intermingle with other generations out of necessity. Families lived on large homesteads and it took everyone to make it work. Because of this, multiple generations were present at the death of older family members and rituals and traditions existed. In this day and age people are more mobile and on the move. It is harder to maintain close relationships with family when you don’t live in the same state, let alone city. People appear to be less affected by the death of an older relative when the closeness of the relationship has been lost due to sheer proximity. Several changes that can be discussed regarding children are their attitudes towards death, their functional ability to understand death, and their desensitization to violence regarding death. Children’s attitudes towards death are much different in this day and age from in the late 1800’s or early 1900’s. In that time, families tended to live together in extended family situations possibly on homesteads. There was less access to medical care and things were taken care of at home. Death was something that was seen as a natural part of the living process and happened more regularly because of the generations that cohabitated. In this day and age as generations tend to live separately, children are more sheltered from this and therefore tend to look at death as something that doesn’t directly affect them. Jean Piaget, a theorist in human development, did extensive study of children and divided them into approximate age groups and developmental periods. He theorized that we develop our knowledge based on things we already know. These stages are sensorimotor from birth to 2 years when children learn based on their senses and motor abilities and begin to develop the idea of object permanence where they understand an object is still present even when it can’t be seen. Preoperational from 2-7 years where they progress from egocentric thought where they look at things as if they are the center of the world to prelogical where they learn trial and error and can begin to understand other points of view. Concrete operational from 7-12 years where they are able to logically understand and organize information and begin to think forward and backward about experiences. And finally, Formal operational from 12 years and up where they can think hypothetically and abstractly about situations and begin to have an interest in ethical situations. . (DeSpelder, Strickland pg. 2-53) Before these types of theorists existed, death was considered a natural part of the living experience and children just dealt with it like the rest of the family. Also in early years when children talked about death, it tended to be in the context of disease processes and accidents. As the culture has, advanced children are routinely exposed to things they weren’t before. If you ask, a child now days what things are that can cause death you may hear things like gunshot wounds and other traumatic experiences that can be linked to crime, violence they see on TV or video games or inner city experiences. In a cultural or historical sense differences in how dying is perceived can be from a cultural standpoint. Different religious and ethnical cultures have different practices and beliefs regarding death but as we have become more culturally competent society, the varying beliefs have become better understood. The physical cause of dying has changed simply by historical differences in living conditions. For example, in the Stone Age people were more likely to have died from trauma and animal attacks, whereas today dying from frailty, organ failure and dementia are more common. One change in regards to mortality and society where death is concerned can be related to education and training. For example, an earthquake in Japan in 1923 caused the death of 100,000 people. Today, because of advances in technology and safety we have ways to warn people of dangerous weather situations and have developed better safety practices that if followed can save many lives. . (DeSpelder, Strickland pg. 135-136) Change has also been seen in the conventional signs of death. Most deaths are determined by the absence of heartbeat and breathing. With the advances in technology and medicine, though, it is possible for mechanical ventilation and medications to artificially maintain these functions while the brain is termed dead. For this reason, the concept of brain death was created. Another innovation that has changed death is organ transplantation. Before this was discovered and perfected people had no choice but to die if they fell victim to an irreversible organ failure. Now, through organ donation and transplantation people can live long and productive lives if they can receive these lifesaving procedures. The final three changes that will be discussed are in regards to patients, staff, and institutions in the field of Health care. In 1900, about 80% of deaths in the United States took place in the home. As the invention of hospitals and other institutions took place, this shifted to the institutional setting with more people dying in hospital or nursing home setting. There is beginning to be a shift again however as hospice care becomes an option available to more and more people that allow them to stay in their homes around familiar surroundings instead of the sterile, non-personal setting of a hospital or institution. Another change that has taken place with regards to dying could be the rationing of resources. This will undoubtedly be getting even worse under Obamacare. Physicians used to be considered the gate keepers of what services and treatments were reasonably appropriate to which patients. As managed care comes more and more into the picture, this will change. Physicians will be paid a certain amount of money per month by insurance companies to manage the patients’ health. The less procedures, tests, and resources that are used the more money the physician will get to keep. This leads to the fear that rationing of resources or withholding of resources is a real possibility in order to keep from bankrupting doctors and clinics. Finally, palliative care, and end of life decisions are changing as well. There have been many advances with the advent of hospice and what can be done to allow a natural and peaceful death for those that are not interested in prolonging it. Undoubtedly, we will all die one day. There has been a shift in recent years from death being an almost taboo topic to one where people are taking control of their decisions. This is an area I am passionate about. You can take control of your end of life decisions by an advanced directive and informing your family members of your wishes. There are people who know they want every intervention possible done to keep them alive and there are those that are accepting of their own mortality, comfortable with their idea of what happens after death, and know that they want nothing heroic done to try and keep them on this earth if they cannot be an active participant.

Historical and Scientific Perspectives on Homosexuality Essay

Historical and scientific perspectives have molded homosexuality, and the way homosexuals are viewed by themselves and others. In past western society ancient Greece, homosexual teachings were performed by the Greek society, and were thought of as a societal norm Younger males were normally seen in a homosexual relationship with an older male, these types of relations were common in ancient Greece. The way Greek perceived life back in ancient times it is starting to ease up in our modern time, and homosexuality is beginning to be viewed as if we were in ancient times especially among western countries. In modern time homosexuals are learning to cope with their homosexuality, as it is beginning to be seen as something normal that has been here since ancient times for thousands of years. Homosexuality in the ancient Greek society shows that even back then people were aware of the different sexual behaviors and feelings certain people might have, and even back then they accepted people’s individual sexual choices. In modern day when a homosexual is first coming out and announcing his way of life he/she should be proud of what they are doing because it is something that has been going on for thousands of years, and is not something to be ashamed and secretive about. Homosexuals should not let judgmental people get to them by saying you were born that way or the environment influenced you to behave like that. The truth is the truth and you are who you are nothing can or will change that is if we stay true to our self. This means as long as we know where we came from and who we ar e why should we let peoples words bother us because we know the truth about our self. As we move along, back to ancient Greece and now also including the people of ancient Rome’s homosexuality. In both of the cities ancient Greece/Rome men would travel the streets of the city looking for someone to rock their world. On top of roaming the streets for some good quality male bonding they would dress and act as if they were not men, but female. This was look at in disapproval and unacceptable that is why when the religion of Christianity increased and started to grow the downfall of ancient Rome followed, and homosexual relations were banned. The new found law prohibited sexual behavior that was not found normal. Normal sexual behavior being male-female  and marriage any other acts of sex, and the people would be punished for their actions. This law continued for many years to follow, and people were committed and punished if they broke the law. Unfortunately this did not stop homosexuals from expressing their homosexuality they just became more discrete about it, so they would not see punishment from their actions. Today, most modern religions still do not approve of homosexuality seeing it as a sin. Some countries are very religious, and prohibit homosexual activity; those that are found guilty will be severely punished. The view that is seen on homosexuality in the modern day has been seen for thousands of years. That is why some homosexuals are afraid to accept their sexuality because of religious reasons (punishment from god) and society (disapproval). The hatred that is forced upon gay individuals has made it very difficult for them to be accepted among society. In our society it is normal when found to be gay to be criticized for it, and deal with harsh treatment that a straight person accepted in society would not have to deal with. When found to be a gay individual they even may have to change their church to one that accepts the view of a homosexuality. When growing up we learn that homosexuality is unnatural and not the right way of life that is not the case it is completely natural. Unfortunately many times in the beginning a homosexual might not know what they are experiencing wondering why they are different, and if it is alright they could grow to hate them self for it thinking that they are not normal. In modern time many countries still punish homosexuals, while others are more accepting they just deny homosexuals the right to marry due to religious reasons. That is all slowly changing and I think in the future will be seen differently. The scientific views on homosexuality are homosexuals inborn or is it caused due to environmental influences. That is a question that have been asked and wondered for many years, but in modern days there is evidence directing us towards homosexuality developing as an inborn characteristic. Research done on both identical and fraternal twins, show that there are higher concordance rates of gay monozygotic twins. Rathus, Nevid, and Fichner-Rathus, (2005) report that about â€Å"52% of identical (MZ) twin pairs were found to be â€Å"concordant† (in agreement) for a gay male sexual  orientation, compared with 22% of fraternal (DZ) twins and only 11% of adoptive brothers† (p. 312). Also, evidence has suggested that hormonal influences could be responsible for differences in sexual orientation. Rathus, Nevid, and Fichner-Rathus (2005) explain that prenatal sex hormones be responsible for tissues in the brain to think sexually one way, but for genital development to be the other way. Also, structural examinations on the brains of heterosexual and homosexual males have provided speculative evidence that a part of the hypothalamus in gay males is smaller than that region of the hypothalamus in heterosexual males. Developing an understanding from the scientific view point on homosexuality has helped homosexuals understand why they are the way they are. Before scientific studies provided the information that homosexuality could be due to inborn, many individuals believed that people decided to be homosexuals. After the scientific studies though that thought is seen as false, and the reason why people become homosexuals is because they are born that way. Homosexuals do not choose their sexual path they are born having sexual arousals from the same sex. Homosexual people do not hate them self as much knowing the facts from the scientific studies that they were born that way, rather than choose to be that way now they feel it is how god wanted they to be and they can accept them self’s. Out The Closet and Accepting Who they are The biggest goal to overcome when being a homosexual is when the perfect time to come out the closet, and admit to our family and friends (hey I’m a homosexual). Not only is finding the perfect time hard to find, but also finding the right words to use when telling them you are not just going to say hey I’s a homosexual. Another difficult obstacle to overcome is accepting the different view we will see from society when coming out. Many homosexuals are afraid to tell friends and family because they have not completely grasped the concept of what they are. This is especially seen in someone who is transformed from heterosexual to homosexual. Another thing  that bobbles around their thoughts when coming out is that they will lose important people in their life or lose their job. Coming out or letting people into your homosexuality is a very challenging experience that is one of the most difficult task a homosexual will face. One of the most common deaths an early homosexual faces is suicide normally for one of two reasons understanding their new sexuality or the fear of coming out to other people about it. Once a homosexual takes control of their power and accepts the fact they are living a life of homosexuality they can adjust to what society expects from them. After they can accept what society thinks of them they can form a relationship with an intimate partner, and develop a perfect homosexual lifestyle. Historical and Scientific Views Reflected on Personal Sexuality One’s personal sexuality has been molded and determined by history and scientific views that are seen in one’s life culture or society. Historical and scientific views reflected the way people see their own personal sexuality for the better. It has helped homosexuals better understand why they are the way they are, and they are not different that throughout time there has been people of the same sexuality facing the same problems. In modern time the punishment might not be as harsh as back in ancient time, but it is still there and seen. Homosexuality is still frowned upon by many, and many also criticize and harass homosexuals because of their difference in behavior. In the future with homosexuality become more open and known about to the public I think that schools should teach about it at an earlier age to help the younger society better understand it. Homosexuality in most cases is misjudged and treated in the wrong way if people learned about it at an earlier age t hey could learn to have a kinder understanding, and be more accepted of homosexuals. Another benefit of teaching it at an earlier age is that it would give people the benefit of know why they are the way they are, and if they feel they are different.Homosexuality has been around for thousands of year before Christianity it was accepted freely, but after the religion started growing rules banned homosexuality from being free. Homosexuals had to live in the shadows hiding who they were afraid of society, and how they would be treated and the punishment they would receive  if found to be homosexuals. Throughout time the harsh treatment homosexuals faced has not ended it is becoming more in the open, and they are beginning to be accepted for who they are. Homosexuality is not always chosen it is sometimes something we are born being we cannot help they way we feel, but that does not make us different. Our sexuality might not be the same as everyone else’s, but neither are their sexuality to ours. Reference Rathus, S.A., Nevid, J.S., and Fichner-Rathus, L. (2005). Human sexuality in a world of diversity. (6th ed.) Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Character Change in “The Jewelry” Essay

There have been many times in literature where writers will change the attitudes or beliefs of the main character of their story. Writers can do this a number of ways. They use things like tragic events or a change in setting to be the reason why a character changes. In Guy de Maupassant’s â€Å"The Jewelry,† the main character’s attitudes change multiple times throughout the story. The story begins with the narrator describing how the main character, M. Lantin, fell in love and married the girl of his dreams. He adores her so much that it is written that, â€Å"six years he married her, he loved her even more than he did the first day† (69). In fact, Lantin almost finds his wife to be flawless. The only faults that he finds in her are her love for the theatre and her passion for false jewelry. Lantin never understands his wife’s fondness towards fake jewelry. They cannot afford real jewelry and it seems as though Lantin wants to save her the embarrassment of parading around with fake jewelry. He tells her that she is better off wearing no jewelry so that she can show off her natural beauty and elegance. However, she does not listen to him and continues to wear her fake jewelry. At this point in the story, M. Lantin seems to be a stress-free man who is enjoying life with the girl of his dreams. He is not a rich man by any means, but, the love he shares with his wife fulfills his every need. Then, tragedy strikes. Lantin’s wife catches pneumonia one night after the Opera and dies eight days later. After the death of his wife, Lantin’s character changes from a careless man to a soul in despair. The narrator describes his anguish by saying, â€Å"His despair was so frightful that in one single month his hair turned white. He wept from morning till night, feeling his heart torn by inexpressible suffering-ever haunted by the memory of her, by the smile, by the voice, by all the charm of the dead woman† (70-71). hair has turned white in a single month. Lantin suffers day and night and is haunted by the mere memory of his wife. He keeps his wife’s bedroom exactly the same and as time goes by, his memory of her remains strong. Lantin ends up getting into debt and losing all his money. The first thing that comes to his mind is to sell his wife’s jewelry. The jewelry; which he does not think will bring him much money, has become an object of loathing and distant memories of his late wife. After rummaging  through most of her items, Latin finds his wife’s pearl necklace that he thinks might be only worth a few francs. He goes into a jewelry store to sell it. There, he finds out that it is real, and that it is worth a substantial amount of money. He goes into another jewelry store to receive a second opinion. To Lantin’s astonishment, not only is the necklace real, but the second store that he entered was the exact store where his wife bought the necklace for a substantial amount of money. It is here where Lantin’s character changes from being a sad and sorrowful man to a puzzled fellow searching for answers. This is evidenced in the text when Lantin is pondering to himself how his wife came across the money to buy such an expensive piece of jewelry. Maupassant describes Lantin’s puzzled mind by writing â€Å"He tried to reason, to understand. His wife could never have bought so valuable an object as that. Certainly not. But then, it must have been a present! A present from whom? What for?† (72-73) Lantin is so bewildered by these events that he barely makes it home for the night. The next morning, he goes out and realizes he has no money to get anything to eat. Lantin then remembered the substantial amount of money that the jeweler had offered him for the pearl necklace. He then returns to the jewelry store to tell the jeweler the necklace. While at the jewelry store, Lantin remembers that his wife had lots of other jewelry that might be worth a lot of money as well. He collects her other jewelry and sells it all to the jeweler. Lantin receives 196,000 francs for all of his late wife’s jewelry. At this point, Lantin’s mood changes again. He completely forgets his sorrows and no longer questions where his wife got the money for such expensive jewelry. The only emotions that Lantin is experiencing are ecstasy and sheer excitement. The text describes how Lantin’s desire was to â€Å"yell out to the passers-by ‘I am rich, too-I am! I have 200,000 francs!’ (74).† Lantin quits his job and dines at the finest restaurant. The story ends with Maupassant describing Lantin’s final mood change. Lantin marries a woman six months later with a terrible temper. The story ends by saying that Lantin’s new wife, â€Å"made his life very miserable. (75)† Guy de Maupassant changed Lantin’s mood multiple times in a short amount of time. From the happiness of his first marriage; to the sorrow after her tragic death; to the bewilderment that he experienced when he discovered that his late wife’s jewelry was real and how much it was worth; to the delight in the riches he acquired from selling it  all, and finally to the final misery he lives through because of his new wife. It was brilliant stories by Maupassant because it showed his character go through so many emotions in such a short amount of time. Maupassant’s readers are bound to relate to at least of these emotions that Lantin experiences. This helps make the story more appealing and relatable. It is the reason why most writers use character change in their stories. Work Cited Maupassant, Guy de. â€Å"The Jewelry.† In The Norton Introduction to Literature. 10th ed. Alison Booth and Kelly J. Mays. W.W. Norton and Company, Inc. 2011. 69, 70-71, 72-73, 74, 75.

Dream Surrealist vs. Automatist Surrealist Essay

Dream Surrealist vs. Automatist Surrealist - Essay Example The essay "Dream Surrealist vs. Automatist Surrealist" discusses Automatist Surrealist and Dream Surrealist. From this era, artists and intellectuals both would increasingly use modern methods to explore the psyche and express its contents, seeking new forms and modalities of expression to accomplish the goal. Where dada sought to embrace the irrational and elevate it to a de facto cosmic principle, this is also recognition of the final deterioration of medieval systems of thought and the birth of the modern individual in Europe and internationally. As the avante garde artists of this movement, Andrà © Masson and Salvador Dali represent two aspects of early Surrealism, differentiated by their methodology of inquiry into the content of the mind and its expression into two factions, the dream surrealists and the automatist surrealists. Masson’s â€Å"Automatic Drawing† of 1924 is paradigmatic of the automatist school which used artistic methods based in illogic and chanc e to override the conscious aspects of both mind and artistic expression to search for self-discovery and universalism in the imagery of the subconscious and unconscious states of mind. To do so they often practiced automatic drawing in order to conjure these images out of the deeper states of consciousness by overriding the processes of the ego and the senses. In this manner, the surrealists based their art on an early form of Western depth psychology. The dream surrealists shared Freud’s infatuation with the symbolism of dreams and dream interpretation. and sought to express the imagery of dreams in their artwork. Yet, unlike the automatists, the dream surrealists did not seek to overcome the traditional use of the ego in painting, but rather to use the ego to express the language of dreams, a subtle difference that can be seen through comparing Masson’s work to one of Salvador Dali’s first dream surrealist paintings, â€Å"Inaugural Goose Flesh† (1928) . In 1924, Salvador Dali’s artwork was still very much exhibiting the influences of Cubism and of the Greek-Italian surrealist Giorgio de Chirico. Dali’s â€Å"Still Life† (1924) and â€Å"Port Alguer† (1924) both show the influence of Picasso and early Cubism, as well as Dali’s early experimentation with different styles such as Impressionism, reflected in the waters of the sea in contrast to the cubist architecture. (ArtMight, 2011) Yet, in â€Å"Still Life† (1924), the â€Å"metaphysical plane† introduced by de Chirico is beginning to be shown in his painting, fully evident four years later when Dali paints, â€Å"Inaugural Goose Flesh† (1928). This â€Å"metaphysical plane† is different than the traditional perspective of portrait, still life, or natural painting. What it does is replace the horizon and relation between earth and sky which dominates representational painting with an infinite horizon upon which anythi ng can arise, representing the plane of mind and the world of dreams. In de Chirico’s early work, the viewer has the unspoken understanding through the use of light on an artificial, imaginary, and infinite horizon, that the events or scene depicted is a dream image. Salvador Dali would become recognized by developing this aspect of the imaginary or metaphysical plane into his artwork over a long career, but it is in â€Å"

SCIENCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SCIENCE - Essay Example ers to understand the process and existence of life and a discussion of these two ideas is important for any student of history, biology or the life sciences in general. As reported by Johnstone (1930), in matters of historical positioning, vitalism and materialism are not very different from each other. He says that, â€Å"During the last three centuries, biology has exhibited alternating phases of materialism and vitalism. Materialism when, under the stimuli of progress in physical science, it made great advances, and vitalism when, those stimuli being exhausted, it marked time (Johnstone, 1930, pp. 631)†. However, despite the drifting nature of how life was seen by biologist, the particular understanding of the two viewpoints changed very little. For example, vitalism is defined as a doctrine that suggest that all functions of a living being are due to a vital principle that is different and separate from the physiochemical forces that are present in the organism. Life itself is seen as a vital spark which creates energy with the body. Of course the religious leaning within this doctrine is easy to deduce since the vital spark of the body can be easily considered the soul of the person or animal that departs the body once the organism is dead. The idea of vitalism was played down in historical terms when things such as germ theory and the idea of different bodily systems and organs performing different and independent functions were understood by scientists. Life could now be taken to be connected to chemical and biological processes that once understood in chemical terms reduced the need to be dependant on the mystical idea of a vital spark in the human body. However, the deeper questions of how life itself can be maintained still needed help in certain areas from a vitalism perspective because the full explanation of what life is and how living things can be said to be living was still lacking. On the other hand, materialism considers life to be a product