Kite Runner Essay free essay sample

‘The only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them’. Is this true in The Kite Runner? In the novel ‘The Kite Runner’, it is put forward that the only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them. This can be seen through key characters in the story, such as Amir, Baba and Soraya. Amir had sinned when he was a boy with his best friend Hassan, which haunts his from that day forward. Futhermore, Baba is seen trying to repay the damage that he believed that he had caused by his act of selfishness. Finally, Soraya’s sin is not a sin to her, but to the culture that she belongs to. Therefore, these people have had to face their sins to move from the past. Amir’s betrayal of Hassan as a child haunts him throughout his childhood and as an adult. We will write a custom essay sample on Kite Runner Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He feels constant guilt and regret about what happened that winter and the following summer of 1975. From that moment onwards, he has always tried to move on, forget and get on with his life, and he does, but every time the subject of Hassan of his name is brought up, he starts to internally panic. This is seen Amir has graduated from high school, and they are sitting in Amir’s car. â€Å"A pair of steel hands closed around my windpipe at the sound of Hassan’s name†. Although he has moved on and started a new life for himself, the events of the past that are the most horrific and terrible remain with him for his life. When he received the call from Rahim Khan, and meets with him in Pakistan, this is where is indirectly faces his sin’s when he is talking to Rahim Khan, as he is reliving and discussing what happened. He then went to atone for the sins that he had committed by confronting the very person that had ruined his life all those years ago and he rescued the son of his half-brother, whom he had betrayed as a child. After the events of him going to Kabul and getting Sohrab, he had faced the sins and could move on. All through the book we are shown that Baba is doing all that he can which he believes to make amends for the crime that he has committed. We see him as a generous person, who is giving, and is well respected throughout the community. He was a proud Pashtun who had â€Å"wrestled a black bar in Baluchistan with his bare hands†. Yet he had a dark secret that could tear his family apart. Baba had done the ultimate act of betrayal an Afghan could give to another man, and more personally, to a friend of 40 years. For the rest of his life, he sees the result of his selfish act everyday in his house. He has the option of telling Ali and Hassan the truth, but there would be dire consequences. Furthermore, Baba would have thought of other important factors that come into the equation, ‘Honour, Pride, Friendship, Gossip around town’. Baba values a lot of these reason, so therefore he does not reveal it. We are shown how Baba still feels the pain that he had, when Amir graduates from high school. â€Å"[He wishes] that Hassan was [there with them]†. If he had told, Ali and Baba might have come to America and they might be alive. (Amir would have not felt that same jealousy towards Hassan, if he had known that he was half-brother to Hassan). Even though in America, he seemed to be happy with Amir and the life that they had made together, he would have still felt unhappy about that past that he could not make amends to. It is evident, that Baba would have had to deal with his past to have been truly happy and at peace. Sorayas life was ruined from the moment she had sinned against her religion. She does not sin by the committing the act herself, but is seen as a sin from her religious point of view. She had run away with another man before getting married. Now she was seen before the Afghan community as ‘unfit’ to be married to. Even though this view is discriminatory towards women as men can ‘go out to nightclubs looking for meat†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦and no one [would say] a goddamm thing†, she cannot do anything about it. Therefore she had to deal with the consequences. This type of sin cannot be confronted directly as to say sorry to someone. However, she manages to repair some of the damage done by being open to Amir before they get married. This shows that she knows that she has done wrong, and to show that she is ready to accept the consequences that may follow. Most Afghans would have abandoned the idea of marriage to her with the knowledge of her past, but in this case, she was lucky, since Amir did not back down. He did not care about her past as he â€Å"had one of [his] own†. You can see how by facing up to her past, Soraya was able to put the past behind her and move on to her new future. It has been shown that the only way to move on from the past of unatoned sins is to confront them. Key characters in the novel have had to deal with their sins that had not been resolved, to try and move on with life, whereas others spent their whole life trying to fix the problems, but never really getting a chance to do so. Amir life from one incident as a child determined the course of his life from that day forward, until he took control of his life and put his problems to rest. Baba is one character that was always trying to make amends for the wrong that he had committed, by helping others. Soraya had to deal with the hypocrisy of the society in which she lived in, only confront her sins by telling Amir of her past. Evidently, the only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them. Kite Runner Essay free essay sample The only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them’. Is this true in The Kite Runner? In the novel ‘The Kite Runner’, it is put forward that the only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them. This can be seen through key characters in the story, such as Amir, Baba and Soraya. Amir had sinned when he was a boy with his best friend Hassan, which haunts his from that day forward. Futhermore, Baba is seen trying to repay the damage that he believed that he had caused by his act of selfishness. Finally, Soraya’s sin is not a sin to her, but to the culture that she belongs to. Therefore, these people have had to face their sins to move from the past. Amir’s betrayal of Hassan as a child haunts him throughout his childhood and as an adult. We will write a custom essay sample on Kite Runner Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He feels constant guilt and regret about what happened that winter and the following summer of 1975. From that moment onwards, he has always tried to move on, forget and get on with his life, and he does, but every time the subject of Hassan of his name is brought up, he starts to internally panic. This is seen Amir has graduated from high school, and they are sitting in Amir’s car. â€Å"A pair of steel hands closed around my windpipe at the sound of Hassan’s name†. Although he has moved on and started a new life for himself, the events of the past that are the most horrific and terrible remain with him for his life. When he received the call from Rahim Khan, and meets with him in Pakistan, this is where is indirectly faces his sin’s when he is talking to Rahim Khan, as he is reliving and discussing what happened. He then went to atone for the sins that he had committed by confronting the very person that had ruined his life all those years ago and he rescued the son of his half-brother, whom he had betrayed as a child. After the events of him going to Kabul and getting Sohrab, he had faced the sins and could move on. All through the book we are shown that Baba is doing all that he can which he believes to make amends for the crime that he has committed. We see him as a generous person, who is giving, and is well respected throughout the community. He was a proud Pashtun who had â€Å"wrestled a black bar in Baluchistan with his bare hands†. Yet he had a dark secret that could tear his family apart. Baba had done the ultimate act of betrayal an Afghan could give to another man, and more personally, to a friend of 40 years. For the rest of his life, he sees the result of his selfish act everyday in his house. He has the option of telling Ali and Hassan the truth, but there would be dire consequences. Furthermore, Baba would have thought of other important factors that come into the equation, ‘Honour, Pride, Friendship, Gossip around town’. Baba values a lot of these reason, so therefore he does not reveal it. We are shown how Baba still feels the pain that he had, when Amir graduates from high school. â€Å"[He wishes] that Hassan was [there with them]†. If he had told, Ali and Baba might have come to America and they might be alive. (Amir would have not felt that same jealousy towards Hassan, if he had known that he was half-brother to Hassan). Even though in America, he seemed to be happy with Amir and the life that they had made together, he would have still felt unhappy about that past that he could not make amends to. It is evident, that Baba would have had to deal with his past to have been truly happy and at peace. Sorayas life was ruined from the moment she had sinned against her religion. She does not sin by the committing the act herself, but is seen as a sin from her religious point of view. She had run away with another man before getting married. Now she was seen before the Afghan community as ‘unfit’ to be married to. Even though this view is discriminatory towards women as men can ‘go out to nightclubs looking for meat†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦and no one [would say] a goddamm thing†, she cannot do anything about it. Therefore she had to deal with the consequences. This type of sin cannot be confronted directly as to say sorry to someone. However, she manages to repair some of the damage done by being open to Amir before they get married. This shows that she knows that she has done wrong, and to show that she is ready to accept the consequences that may follow. Most Afghans would have abandoned the idea of marriage to her with the knowledge of her past, but in this case, she was lucky, since Amir did not back down. He did not care about her past as he â€Å"had one of [his] own†. You can see how by facing up to her past, Soraya was able to put the past behind her and move on to her new future. It has been shown that the only way to move on from the past of unatoned sins is to confront them. Key characters in the novel have had to deal with their sins that had not been resolved, to try and move on with life, whereas others spent their whole life trying to fix the problems, but never really getting a chance to do so. Amir life from one incident as a child determined the course of his life from that day forward, until he took control of his life and put his problems to rest. Baba is one character that was always trying to make amends for the wrong that he had committed, by helping others. Soraya had to deal with the hypocrisy of the society in which she lived in, only confront her sins by telling Amir of her past. Evidently, the only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them. Kite Runner Essay free essay sample ‘The only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them’. Is this true in The Kite Runner? In the novel ‘The Kite Runner’, it is put forward that the only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them. This can be seen through key characters in the story, such as Amir, Baba and Soraya. Amir had sinned when he was a boy with his best friend Hassan, which haunts his from that day forward. Futhermore, Baba is seen trying to repay the damage that he believed that he had caused by his act of selfishness. Finally, Soraya’s sin is not a sin to her, but to the culture that she belongs to. Therefore, these people have had to face their sins to move from the past. Amir’s betrayal of Hassan as a child haunts him throughout his childhood and as an adult. We will write a custom essay sample on Kite Runner Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He feels constant guilt and regret about what happened that winter and the following summer of 1975. From that moment onwards, he has always tried to move on, forget and get on with his life, and he does, but every time the subject of Hassan of his name is brought up, he starts to internally panic. This is seen Amir has graduated from high school, and they are sitting in Amir’s car. â€Å"A pair of steel hands closed around my windpipe at the sound of Hassan’s name†. Although he has moved on and started a new life for himself, the events of the past that are the most horrific and terrible remain with him for his life. When he received the call from Rahim Khan, and meets with him in Pakistan, this is where is indirectly faces his sin’s when he is talking to Rahim Khan, as he is reliving and discussing what happened. He then went to atone for the sins that he had committed by confronting the very person that had ruined his life all those years ago and he rescued the son of his half-brother, whom he had betrayed as a child. After the events of him going to Kabul and getting Sohrab, he had faced the sins and could move on. All through the book we are shown that Baba is doing all that he can which he believes to make amends for the crime that he has committed. We see him as a generous person, who is giving, and is well respected throughout the community. He was a proud Pashtun who had â€Å"wrestled a black bar in Baluchistan with his bare hands†. Yet he had a dark secret that could tear his family apart. Baba had done the ultimate act of betrayal an Afghan could give to another man, and more personally, to a friend of 40 years. For the rest of his life, he sees the result of his selfish act everyday in his house. He has the option of telling Ali and Hassan the truth, but there would be dire consequences. Furthermore, Baba would have thought of other important factors that come into the equation, ‘Honour, Pride, Friendship, Gossip around town’. Baba values a lot of these reason, so therefore he does not reveal it. We are shown how Baba still feels the pain that he had, when Amir graduates from high school. â€Å"[He wishes] that Hassan was [there with them]†. If he had told, Ali and Baba might have come to America and they might be alive. (Amir would have not felt that same jealousy towards Hassan, if he had known that he was half-brother to Hassan). Even though in America, he seemed to be happy with Amir and the life that they had made together, he would have still felt unhappy about that past that he could not make amends to. It is evident, that Baba would have had to deal with his past to have been truly happy and at peace. Sorayas life was ruined from the moment she had sinned against her religion. She does not sin by the committing the act herself, but is seen as a sin from her religious point of view. She had run away with another man before getting married. Now she was seen before the Afghan community as ‘unfit’ to be married to. Even though this view is discriminatory towards women as men can ‘go out to nightclubs looking for meat†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦and no one [would say] a goddamm thing†, she cannot do anything about it. Therefore she had to deal with the consequences. This type of sin cannot be confronted directly as to say sorry to someone. However, she manages to repair some of the damage done by being open to Amir before they get married. This shows that she knows that she has done wrong, and to show that she is ready to accept the consequences that may follow. Most Afghans would have abandoned the idea of marriage to her with the knowledge of her past, but in this case, she was lucky, since Amir did not back down. He did not care about her past as he â€Å"had one of [his] own†. You can see how by facing up to her past, Soraya was able to put the past behind her and move on to her new future. It has been shown that the only way to move on from the past of unatoned sins is to confront them. Key characters in the novel have had to deal with their sins that had not been resolved, to try and move on with life, whereas others spent their whole life trying to fix the problems, but never really getting a chance to do so. Amir life from one incident as a child determined the course of his life from that day forward, until he took control of his life and put his problems to rest. Baba is one character that was always trying to make amends for the wrong that he had committed, by helping others. Soraya had to deal with the hypocrisy of the society in which she lived in, only confront her sins by telling Amir of her past. Evidently, the only way to escape the sins of the past is to confront them.

american indian essays

american indian essays It was approaching dusk as the conspicuous line of dark vans entered the reservation. These vehicles served the purpose of furnishing transportation for about 30 members of a Cleveland area youth group, whose mission was to bring good news to the badlands. In short, the group was ministering to the Indian children of the Pine Ridge Reservation, which was in close vicinity to the natural wonder found in the foothills of the badlands. The trip became a tradition for my church and I traveled there on three separate occasions. Each year, the team received a welcoming that could be described as anything but inviting. In fact, the first year the trip fell on the Fourth of July and as we drove in, our vehicles were bombarded with fireworks. I could never really grasp why we were so despised. After all, our intentions were commendable. The matter became clearer after I read Zitkala-sas American Indian Stories. Within this text, a Native American expresses her beliefs that actions s imilar to ours serve merely in altering culture. The main characters civilization had religious beliefs long before the white man presented his ideas. Essentially, the Sioux religion was based on nature. It is difficult to pinpoint the exact beliefs of the group because of the deficiency of information. However from the text, some aspects can be gathered. First, it appears as though everything in nature is believed to retain a spirit. Zitkala-Sa is observing the flowers and personifies them, assuming they are possessive of a spirit by saying, Their quaint round faces of varied hue convince the heart which leaps with glad surprise that they too, are living symbols of omnipotent thought. (102) Everything natural was incorporated into their religious beliefs. Thus, the people receive refreshment of the soul through companionship with the outdoors. The narrator describes a spiritual expe...

Exploring the Role of Health Managers in Implementing Health IT Dissertation

Exploring the Role of Health Managers in Implementing Health IT Solutions and Meeting Meaningful Use Standards - Dissertation Example For this reason, it is expected that healthcare professionals are likely to face particular hurdles when implementing the goals. There is a salient need for healthcare professionals to develop exceptional competencies to surmount the obstacles and difficulties that they are likely to face. Specifically, healthcare managers who have the obligation of leading their organization to the implementation of stage three will require excellent managerial competencies, as this paper will highlight. Healthcare managers will encounter obstacles when implementing the coordination of care through patient engagement, which is one of the stage three goals. If the healthcare organization is to accomplish this goal successfully, patients should play a significant role in evaluating their health records and generating their data enhancing the available health records. Patients should also engage in a secure exchange of healthcare information with various providers. It will be difficult to ensure that patients are actively involved in these activities. For this reason, healthcare managers need to manifest exceptional managerial competencies of putting in place a remarkable patient portal that will promote the achievement of this goal (Joseph, 2013). Additionally, healthcare managers will face difficulties in the achievement of health information exchange. Notably, the accomplishment of this goal will demand both the provider and the healthcare ecosystem to assume absolute standards. It i s challenging to ensure that there is the expected level of control of the healthcare ecosystem. There was a poor implementation of the stage two adoptions of the required standards concerning the exchange of provider directories. For this reason, it will be difficult to achieve this goal. Healthcare managers will also face difficulties when implementing the public health and clinical data registry reporting. Experts have affirmed that there are likely to be both ecosystem and expense challenges because of the distinct measures that must be met in the achievement of this goal.

This paper has to be about the Leadership and organizational behavior Essay

This paper has to be about the Leadership and organizational behavior of the movie "The wolf of wall street" - Essay Example n Belfort played by Leonardo DiCaprio exemplifies this attribute as he takes nothing too seriously in his life and has no regard for authority around him. He shows the audience the different sides of a stockbroker and the process of acquiring power in Wall Street having been in Wall Street from an early age to become one of the players in Wall Street and make money through his own company. Jordan is supported by his business partner ad friend Donnie Azoff played by Jonah Hill and their interaction and friendship surmounts a good interaction and comic prowess from the two actors. This paper looks at some of the conceptual aspects that come out from the different interactions and also the use of power in the film to highlight different aspects of production exemplified in the Wolf of Wall Street. The Wolf of Wall Street is a movie about Jordan Belfort who is a stockbroker in Wall Street but later acquires his own company Stratton Oakmont with the help of his friend and business partner Donnie Azoff. He runs the business through scams and fraudulent behaviors that are later discovered by the authorities and are constantly targeted(Scorsese et al n.d). He manages to construe get his money out of the United States and into offshore accounts in Switzerland where there are no extradition treaties using the name of his wife’s aunt. The plan however, backfires on him and he is arrested and used by the authorities to spy for them against other rogue stockbrokers in Wall Street. The different methods and manipulation techniques as he looks to money, power and live the lavish lifestyles are his downfall as he soon after loses all and ends up in prison. He loses his wife and also in a twist of fate loses his children to her wife as well. The pursuit of power and money is evident from the different developments in the film as the authorities hack his powers and he ends up reliant on their power so that they can show him mercy(Scorsese et al n.d). One of the main aspects that

Free

Free schools Essay Are an interesting idea but the government needs to be very careful to make sure that educational standards improve for all children and that the whole community benefits. The idealogy behind free Schools are that they are non-profit making, independent, state-funded schools. They are able to choose what subjects they choose for their pupils to study and have many less restrictions imposed on them on how they choose to allocate their finances. For this very reason free schools would be varied in their nature as they would not be forced to follow for example the national curriculum. They are not defined by size or location: there is not a single type of free school or a single reason for setting them up. Free schools could be either primary or secondary schools. They could be located in traditional school buildings or appropriate community spaces such as office buildings or church halls. They could be set up by a wide range of proposers including charities, universities, businesses, educational groups, visionary teachers or committed parents who want to make a difference to the educational landscape. They might be needed because there simply are not enough school places in a local area and children have to travel too far to the nearest school. Free schools are not academically selective and open to children of all abilities. School is a defining factor in our lives and also promote a shared sense of community which is important as cohesive communities are generally more happy and safe than uncohesive ones there is no discrimination or segregation and they nurture a shared set of beliefs and values and goals, living together in harmony and mutual respect. An example of a community that lacks this is Oldham in which the races, Asians and whites were segregated and this triggered violent race riots. This happened due to the immense divide between Asian and White communities and their inability to mix and appreciate one another. This event made me think that this was very bad for the community and did nothing but encourage racial segregation. Looking at the footage of the riots of 2001 it is clear that situation could have been easily avoided had everyone learnt to appreciate one another. Community cohesion is about ensuring that all people from different backgrounds and communities feel they belong to the place in which they live. We cannot realise our ambitions by living in isolation to one another, it must be as a united city, where the differences of race, colour, and religion are embraced. A sense of community cohesion as we grow up makes us happier in general and encourages us to be unprejudiced and non-racist. Our distinctive character is developed early on in life and to be encouraged to mix with other people with different beliefs and religions helps promote a safer and on the whole a more happier and strong community. We start school within the first few years of our lives and being mixed with different people at this institution endorses a stronger community. We spend a good part of a decade at school so there is no doubt that school will be largely responsible for our values and beliefs, as well as our personality. Depending on what school we go to we are thrust into a shared community and we learn to get along and share beliefs. As stated in the Source material, Being part of a community helps us develop an identity a sense of who we are. An uncohesive community has exactly the opposite effect, and children growing up in an uncohesive community can grow up to have negative views and not feel like they belong and the can feel like they do not have a stake in society and being able to join in and influence decisions that affect their lives. When David Cameron and Nick Clegg (leaders of the Conservative party and the Liberal Democrat party) were elected to form a coalition government in 2010, one of the Conservatives policies were the Big Society which was apparently based on a model of Balsall Heath A town with low levels of community cohesion. The idea of the Big Society was that people take greater control of their communities and not rely on the government and local authorities to provide services like schools, community centres, youth clubs. This town has now been transformed and the town is now clean and tidy and people of all different cultural backgrounds mix. The most positive effects of this were that community cohesion increased in a drastic way. There is no doubt that there are some beneficial aspects of free schools such as people of all different ethnicities mixing together as a free school is not academically selective. This discourages discrimination and community cohesion. Some people may argue that the current government is trying to distance themselves from responsibility and segregate society but I believe that David Cameron is good to encourage people to take action if they are deprived of something that will be a credit to the community. Further argument counteracting this is that some people think that such people in deprived areas are not skilled or have enough knowledge to undertake a difficult project of opening a school, particularly a secondary school. A quote from a recent article of the Telegraph states These kids will be left behind, because the second point is that, if you set up a market mechanism, then there are winners and losers, but, in this case the losers are children, left behind in a sink school. The endorsement of free schools is debatable, but interesting. Nick Clegg declared on the 5th September in his speech Free schools would not become the preserve of the privileged few' which outlines the fact that he thinks free schools would in effect privatize the education system and allow the new institutions to cream off the best pupils and resources. On the other hand the Education Secretary Michael Gove who wholeheartedly believes that free schools will end the rationing of good education. He believes that free schools to replace failing comprehensives will give all children access to the kind of education only the rich can afford. He outlines this in Source 1 as well as saying free schools will cut the achievement gap between rich and poor. However , free schools could lead to social segregation as middle class parents are likely to be very keen on them, leading to a situation where middle class and working class people do not mix. This could end up with middle class children going to good schools and working class children remaining in local authority schools where there is very little funding. Another group who are really keen on free schools are faith groups and this could lead to segregation on religious grounds. Standards for school would therefore not rise uniformly for everyone which would be a big disadvantage and there would also be low community cohesion which is explained above. I personally think it is unfair that some pupils dont have the opportunity to go to a high achieving school as I went through this whole school lottery trying for three high achieving schools but I failed to get into any of them, simply because I was out of the catchment area. It is worth setting up free schools in deprived areas where children are forced to go to a low achieving school, so they have the same opportunities that wealthier children have. Michael Gove planned to branch out free schools here after apparent success in America with free schools, where 99 free schools have been established. Evidence suggests that 83% of free schools in the USA are doing no better than their conventional counterparts which brings me to question whether the opening of free schools really are beneficial and whether the opening of them would cut the bridge between rich and poor. However in further research some students in these schools feel that they are in a better position in a free school where they apply rigorous discipline and are challenging. This again makes the idea of free schools questionable. In Source 3, a group of six hundred parents expressed their desire for their children to go to a school other than the local state school. This brings about the conclusion that if this many parents are unhappy with the type of provision of state schooling institutions, something must be done. This opinion is also met with Rachel Wolfs in Source 4 who argues that hundreds of parents have suffered too long from a two tier education system one in which the wealthy can get into the excellent local school by buying a house in the right catchment area or paying school fees, while less off parents are stuck. I believe this is an extremely unfair system and one in which the wealthy seem to have it all and working class citizens are stuck in a never ending rut. In Source 5 another parents view is expressed, where she expresses her desire for a school in which most of its students could walk to and not sending their children 4 miles away. Source 6 promotes the fact that some people are planning to profit from the governments initiative seeking to profit at the expense of the taxpayer states Ed Balls in Source 8. He continues with Since free schools introduced a free schools policy the countrys education standards in maths and scince have plummeted. This Source brings about more negativity on the topic of free schools and questions the beneficial aspects of free schools. Source 7, an extract adapted from the website of the National Union of Teachers promotes an opinion of high negativity towards free schools, of which 24 have opened this September. A quote of this source is This governments attack on state education has to be opposed. Laws to create many more academies and the new so called free schools are an attack on the very existence of free, state comprehensive education which is democratically accountable. It is privatisation on a grand scale and is unacceptable. From my research many people agree with the condemning of free schools with NASUWT stating The free schools programme will be anything but free. Free schools are an unnecessary and costly gamble in educating the countrys children. The Government is simply not acting responsibly by not making clear where the money will come from to fund the free schools policy. Major education programmes have in the last few weeks been cut or frozen. The public would be right to be concerned that money saved from other education programmes will be used to fund the free schools policy. There is yet more negativity on the introduction of free schools with ATL an education union saying Parents or teachers misguided enough to set up a free school will soon find out that running a school needs a lot more than knowing pupils names and an alternative vision of education. It needs knowledge of employment law, health and safety and the admissions code. And private companies are waiting in the wings to provide these services. ATL has produced a directory listing the major organisations which want to get involved in managing state schools Englands schools: not open for business. These all show there is much negativity on free schools. Also NASUWT outlines the fact that it is not clear where the money to fund free schools will come from which brings about the conclusion that the government are taking money from existing state schools which may not benefit the majority of children in the local area. In Source 9 a blogger wrote her opinion which depicts that instead of reducing segregation free schools would in fact increase it, by being highly selective especially for parents who are forcefully ambitious in their choice of school, leaving behind children, for whom there may not be a voice. In Source 10 we look at Sweden, which already has free schools implemented but a person called Per Thulberg who analysed this said schools had not led to better results and Michael Gove contradicted this stating that if parents had more choice then existing schools would be forced to improve, but Per Thurlberg said better results simply came from students with better backgrounds going into those schools. These statistics suggest that free schools may not bring about better results and will not determine that there are better quality schools for the public to choose from which was the point of free schools being created in the first place. Free schools may simply be taking money from the local comprehensive where students may inevitably end up. Another factor which questions the beneficial aspects of free schools are the growing popularity of faith schools demands to build more faith schools in the form of free schools are reportedly growing this is a feature which some say will segregate society further and not promote community cohesion. http://www. dailymail. co. uk/news/article-2046715/Richard-Dawkins-attacks-alien-rubbish-taught-Muslim-faith-schools. html http://www. guardian. co.uk/education/2011/oct/04/alarm-over-racial-segregation-london-schools. These articles especially the second depict the racial segregation that faith schools may cause. I think personally that large numbers of faith schools in Britain will not benefit the society as a whole. In conclusion and to be fair and in all honesty it is just too soon to say whether free schools are going to be a good thing and create a more fair educational society for all of us. It is very clear that the present system is not working and puts immense pressure on both parents and children to fulfill the need to attend a good school. Once parents were allowed to see the published national league tables of which schools perform well as opposed to which schools did not, it was only a matter of time before wealthy parents were able to move to a catchment area to secure the best school places for their children leaving behind the poorer child to accept whatever was on offer. This has caused a very great divide in good and average performing schools and caused a lot of low morale for many parents in this country. If free schools can address this major issue it can only be a good thing. However, it can be argued that the odds are stacked against them. In our present times with our bleak economic outlook any system that is trying to get on its feet will gobble a lot of financial resources and one has to look at where this money is coming from and whether our already existing state schools who do not join in will suffer as a result. Competition is whole heartedly healthy generally in a society but not an unfair one where competition takes place in schools where clever kids are already creamed off and able to go to better schools. This can be a major disadvantage and in itself causes segregation of a different sort. I feel that if people are inspired to take on the opportunity of setting up a free school then they probably have a vision of a better , alternative system they are aspiring to which is a good thing as the government has set up a lot of stringent conditions which have to be passed to set up a free school. In all, apathy and not doing anything to address the issues in our schools is a worse misdemeanor than at least trying to see whether free schools hold the answer to our problems and so we can only hope for our future generations that free schools work. As in everything in life only time will tell.

Foucault, Consumerism, and Identity Essay -- Philosophy

Foucault, Consumerism, and Identity Michel Foucault presents those revolutionary sorts of analyses that are rich not only for their content but for their implications and novel methodological approach. Just beyond the surface of his works lies such philosophical wealth that one can be overwhelmed by considerations of which vein to mine first, and what to make of the elements therefrom extracted. I’ve broken earth in several attractive sites this last week. Some, it seemed, hid their treasures too deep for the scope of this excavation. Some presented me with granite barriers which I do not yet have the tools to penetrate. At other sites, the earth gave way easily and I made great progress, only to be flooded out. Finally, at the fifteenth hour, I have struck something shiny. I wish to use Foucault’s accounts of socialisation, categorisation, and discipline, as the background for my analysis of a modern entity I call the â€Å"identity package.† I will define this concept and show how it fits into and is suggested by Foucault’s works. Following this I will deal briefly with supposed problems with Foucault’s account (or lack of an account) of subjectivity. Narrative gives coherence to a life. Particular episodes make sense in light of a uniting theme. The simplistic world view of the Middle Ages left people satisfied with fairly simple narratives. One knew their personal obligations and had a vague idea of how they fit into the systems of king and God. For the sovereign and the elite, their special status was confirmed in ceremony and artistic representations.1[1] The masses were unrepresented. The lack of demand for empowerment or change may be partly due to the fact t... ...of this system. The process of categorisation seems to have an assimilative function. If you can’t beat them, label them. If it fits into our picture, it is ours. Put this way, it seems like we are imprisoned in a menacing matrix of metaphysical manipulation. However, as I have shown to be the case in pop culture, we are complicit in our captivity, in fact, all too willing to participate. 1[1]Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, tr.Alan Sheridan (New York: Vintage,1995) p.192 2[2]With an increase in bureaucracy came an increase in the importance of meticulous knowledge; with this, more power and a more distinct role for the researcher. 3[3]Modern advertising calls this â€Å"appeal to a certain demographic†. 4[4]Quoted in: Michael Clifford, Politcal Genealogy After Foucault, (New York: Routledge, 2001) p.99 Foucault, Consumerism, and Identity Essay -- Philosophy Foucault, Consumerism, and Identity Michel Foucault presents those revolutionary sorts of analyses that are rich not only for their content but for their implications and novel methodological approach. Just beyond the surface of his works lies such philosophical wealth that one can be overwhelmed by considerations of which vein to mine first, and what to make of the elements therefrom extracted. I’ve broken earth in several attractive sites this last week. Some, it seemed, hid their treasures too deep for the scope of this excavation. Some presented me with granite barriers which I do not yet have the tools to penetrate. At other sites, the earth gave way easily and I made great progress, only to be flooded out. Finally, at the fifteenth hour, I have struck something shiny. I wish to use Foucault’s accounts of socialisation, categorisation, and discipline, as the background for my analysis of a modern entity I call the â€Å"identity package.† I will define this concept and show how it fits into and is suggested by Foucault’s works. Following this I will deal briefly with supposed problems with Foucault’s account (or lack of an account) of subjectivity. Narrative gives coherence to a life. Particular episodes make sense in light of a uniting theme. The simplistic world view of the Middle Ages left people satisfied with fairly simple narratives. One knew their personal obligations and had a vague idea of how they fit into the systems of king and God. For the sovereign and the elite, their special status was confirmed in ceremony and artistic representations.1[1] The masses were unrepresented. The lack of demand for empowerment or change may be partly due to the fact t... ...of this system. The process of categorisation seems to have an assimilative function. If you can’t beat them, label them. If it fits into our picture, it is ours. Put this way, it seems like we are imprisoned in a menacing matrix of metaphysical manipulation. However, as I have shown to be the case in pop culture, we are complicit in our captivity, in fact, all too willing to participate. 1[1]Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, tr.Alan Sheridan (New York: Vintage,1995) p.192 2[2]With an increase in bureaucracy came an increase in the importance of meticulous knowledge; with this, more power and a more distinct role for the researcher. 3[3]Modern advertising calls this â€Å"appeal to a certain demographic†. 4[4]Quoted in: Michael Clifford, Politcal Genealogy After Foucault, (New York: Routledge, 2001) p.99

The Principle Agent Problem Between Shareholders And Managers Accounting Essay

Economic theory speculates that a house ‘s end is to capitalise on stockholders wealth ; accomplishable with entrepreneurial house since proprietors are directors. However, ownership presents is significantly diluted, with companies owned by big stockholder groups. This causes the separation of ownership and direction which hinders the relationship between stockholders and directors ; where directors replace stockholders involvement with their ain. This may be due to information dissymmetry[ 1 ]where directors have the power to move in conformity to stockholder demands. This is known as the â€Å" bureau job † and is common in modern corporate. Under this theory the relationship is formed through a binding contract whereby principal ‘s ( stockholders ) appoint the agents ( directors ) to put to death services with authorization to do determinations. However such â€Å" contracts † are imperfect as the impracticality to include every action of the agent whose determinations has an impact on their and the principal ‘s benefits. Therefore, self interested behavior arises in administrations as the involvement of both parties diverges, i.e. principal ‘s involvement respects maximization of stockholders wealth ( net income maximization ) whereas agent ‘s involvement lies in ain public-service corporation maximization ( bonuses/promotion ) . Stockholders permit directors to run the house ‘s assets ; ensuing in a struggle of involvement. The cardinal job therefore is to aline the involvements of both parties. Furthermore, principals expect board of managers to establish their determinations on maximizing equity value. However the board of managers expect directors to follow schemes that support their ends. This state of affairs illustrates that stockholders have no direct input into the operation and hence have no power to state directors what to make. This issue arises because of the separation of ownership and control and therefore directors are able to prosecute ends good to them and unfavorable to stockholders. Overall, withdrawal between the two parties increases deficiency of end congruity. The inquiry arises as to why stockholders do non supervise direction? There are three grounds why taking control causes troubles. ( 1 ) Expensive to supervise managerial activities as obtaining information is hard ( 2 ) disgruntled stockholders are unable to present menaces in order to cut down unwanted managerial behavior i.e. engaging an outside member and ( 3 ) dispersed stockholders have an inducement to â€Å" free drive † . Keasy et al 1997 regards the above as economic costs to monitoring. These restrictions pose jobs for stockholder wealth since unwanted managerial actions takes topographic point in the absence of control. Stockholders may present inducement bundles which include net income related fillips, public presentation, publicity inducements and promote employees to purchase portions which increase their rewards, to promote agents to do â€Å" optimum attempt † . Due to the above jobs, states have developed systems which carry out independent monitoring and control of the house in order to aline the overall end. OECD 1999 stated that â€Å" corporate administration construction specifies the distribution of rights and duties among different participants in the corporation, and spells out the regulations and processs for doing determinations on corporate personal businesss. By making this, it besides provides the construction through which the company aims are set, and the agencies of achieving those aims and supervising public presentation. † In UK capital markets play a critical function where portion monetary values advocates public presentation degrees. Management ‘s focal point is to maximise stockholders wealth through the usage of independent board of managers. The fright of coup d'etat commands forces direction to undergo effectual actions. Approximately 50 % of portions are held by institutional investors bespeaking dominant ownership. Cadbury Report 1992 provinces big proportion of stockholder ownership influence company ‘s actions. In 2008 the Financial Reporting council developed the ‘Combined Code ‘ i.e. assorted reports/codes refering ‘good ‘ corporate administration. The most influential is Cadbury Report 1992[ 2 ], was produced as the deficiency of supervising direction activities caused several dirts whereby executives acted in their involvement. Initially, Polly Peck[ 3 ]went into settlement after old ages of false accounting taking to size uping of the fiscal facets and answerability. However after the cozenage of BCCI and Robert Maxwell, they revised the relationship between boards, hearers and stockholders. The concluding study states CEO ‘s and Chairman ‘s of companies should be separated. Jenson 1993[ 4 ]provinces that if functions were common, struggle of involvement would originate. Furthermore, 3 non-executive managers, two of whom should be independent[ 5 ]and an audit commission affecting non-executives should be included. Companies were encouraged to follow these practises alongside â€Å" the codification of best practise † which outlines other countries of concern. However the â€Å" one size fits all † job was recognised by Cadbury doing all companies registered in UK to follow the â€Å" comply or explicate † system. Companies should follow with corporate best practise or have legitimate grounds for non-compliance. Furthermore, the board must offer a full account to stockholders and explain how their practises are consistent with stockholders. It ‘s acceptable merely when stockholders believe good administration has been achieved. Greenbury commission, formed to measure manager ‘s wage bundles and the deficiency of revelation of payments in the one-year studies, commenced over populace ‘s choler sing additions in executive wage. The study added to the Cadbury Code and advised ( 1 ) each board include a wage commission affecting independent non-executives briefing stockholders yearly and ( 2 ) managers should hold LT[ 6 ]public presentation related wage, all disclosed in the one-year histories. Furthermore, advancement should be reviewed every 3 old ages to guarantee companies are runing efficaciously. The Hampel commission[ 7 ]formed in 1998 suggested all old rules should be collaborated into a â€Å" Combined Code † . Furthermore, the president of the boards should move as the ‘leader ‘ , investors should see voting the portion and all wages information including pensions should be disclosed. The Turnbull Committee, created the following twelvemonth, advised that managers should be held accountable for internal fiscal and scrutinizing controls. Several studies have contributed to the Combined Code viz. the Higgs reappraisal sketching the actions of non-executives. More late, after the prostration of Northern Rock and the fiscal crisis that followed, the Walker Review formed a study refering banking sectors. The Financial Reporting Council produced a new Stewardship Code in 2010. Germany ‘s corporate system is chiefly stakeholder oriented and diffuses off from stockholders involvements. The aim is maximizing stakeholder value thereby uncovering several typical differences. First, the banking sector is a major stakeholder. Charkham ( 1994 ) stated that Bankss hold a dominate place in funding and oversing companies for legion grounds. ( 1 ) During 1870 companies were to a great extent reliant on recognition. Banks began offering LT loans to LT clients who tied the companies, obtaining ownership and moving as ‘shareholders ‘ within industrial houses. ( 2 ) Banks hold 25 % of voting capital in big corporations and 28 % of seats on the supervisory boards. ( 3 ) Banks are stockholder representatives, authorised to vote for their portions plus proxy portions[ 8 ], giving farther control. Consequently companies are improbable to face coup d'etats, since Bankss will back up them through fiscal adversities unlike in the UK. Second, â€Å" co-operative † civilization is articulated under the Co-determination Act 1976 whereby workers obtain important functions in the direction procedure ; known as work councils. Work council staff influence concern actions and partake in determination devising procedures. Employees ( elected by work councils ) sit on the supervisory board when a house has more than 2000 employees aboard stockholder representatives. This system reduces work force struggles by bettering communicating channels, addition dickering power of workers through statute laws and eventually right market failures. Overall productiveness degrees addition, with low degrees of work stoppages as better wage and conditions implying â€Å" good industrial dealingss † . Finally, Germany involves a two – tier board compared to UK ‘s one – tier board. It includes a direction board ( Vorstand ) where directors monitor day-to-day operation and behavior of the house. Plus a supervisory board ( Aufsichtsrat ) affecting merely non-executives[ 9 ]who monitor the direction board duties and O.K.ing determinations. Separation of the two increases the consciousness of single duties and helps forestall direction maltreatment. The ruin is holding worker representatives on the supervisory board as they will choose for determinations good for employees instead than company. For illustration shuting down a mill may hold good for the company nevertheless debatable for excess employees, doing it is hard to work in the best involvement of the company. Germany ‘s corporate system lies to a great extent on good industrial dealingss which considers it ‘s company, employees and public. It shows corporations are a societal establishment instead than an economic 1 as it â€Å" does non set fiscal value for stockholders at the top of the list of policy aims †[ 10 ]. Stockholders are seen as one of many stakeholders and non merely a privileged constituency. The Nipponese corporate administration revolves around banking dealingss like Germany along with life clip employment. There are outstanding characteristics including the intercession of authorities and close confederations between authorities and companies. Business and industrial activities are monitored by the Nipponese Ministry of Finance, affecting them in the direction and determination procedure. Nipponese corporate rely on chief Bankss[ 11 ]which are all interlinked with houses, organizing a concentrated ownership ( stockholders ) . Prowse 1992 provinces that persons hold 26.7 % of a house ‘s equity while corporations hold 67.3 % . Unlike western states, Nipponese Bankss can keep equities up to 5 % . The statement is by moving as loaners and stockholders, struggle of involvements of debt suppliers and equity will be eradicated. Furthermore Bankss hold these equities for long periods, constructing a LT â€Å" banking relationship † unlike UK ‘s â€Å" transactional banking † . Furthermore, they are involved with the internal direction by obtaining seats on the board of managers. They actively contribute in the determination procedure and act as insurance companies for companies come ining fiscal troubles i.e. bankruptcy or coup d'etats. Like Germany, Bankss form LT contracts with companies based on fiscal services and supervising and act as represent atives for other stockholders through proxy ballots. One major differentiation in Japan is the Keiretsu system. Companies form close confederations chiefly between Bankss, concerns and the authorities, by working towards each other success. The function of the authorities became of import when they intervened in 1990s as Japan suffered a recession. The authorities wanted to reconstruct the economic system through its policies and ordinances by bettering the corporate administration to excite growing and investing. Germany and Japan both work toward the involvement of the company and workers as a collective. However Japan ‘s board construction is different as all members consist of former employees excepting â€Å" outside † managers apart from bank functionaries. The boards have more members than UK and Germany as some companies have over 60 managers. This proves really effectual as no domination of managers occur. Harmonizing to Allen and Gale ( 2000 ) , concentrating on stakeholders instead than entirely on stockholders, societies resources are being used expeditiously as employees, providers and clients are taken into history. This enhances productiveness, therefore bring forthing higher net incomes, profiting the house and stockholders. Since 1990 the UK have implemented many policies reforming the direction and administration of companies. These scope from codifications, studies, ordinance and statute laws ; but how effectual are they? To guarantee company involvements are aligned with stockholders, UK has imposed assorted commissions to supervise the effectivity. For illustration, audit commissions review audits yearly and overlook fiscal relationships between companies and hearers. Nomination commissions administer human resources and programs future managers. Compensation commissions examine direction actions and day-to-day operations. Furthermore the being of institutional investors has its advantages as puting in houses they have incentive and motive to supervise them. This leads to high public presentation degrees which reduces bureau costs. However, companies practise ST[ 12 ]net income maximization without LT be aftering doing companies underperform, therefore investors sell their portions and â€Å" issue † instead than â€Å" voice † their discontent ( occurs chiefly in Germany ) . Overall UK ‘s attack in supervising company involvement is effectual as companies have bulk of bing stock holders through the demand of commissions. The ‘Code of best pattern ‘ gives stockholders assurance that companies are runing with high degrees of transparence during determination devising procedures. From this, the â€Å" comply or explicate † system was created, whereby some freedom is left for companies to do effectual determinations. The additions from this is that ( 1 ) directors and stockholders follow the LT involvement of both the company and proprietors ( 2 ) distinguishes the civilization barrier single houses face since there are different degrees, size and ownership of companies, whereas codification of best pattern instils â€Å" one size fits all † regulation. Furthermore, codifications are more effectual than ordinances as companies can turn whereas implementing rigorous internal controls companies are limited to processs. Furthermore, codifications tackle more ‘softer ‘ jobs associating to best practise compared to ordinances i.e. preparation and back uping managers in th eir function. The Cadbury Report reflects the above whereby â€Å" The effectivity with which boards discharge their duties determines Britain ‘s competitiveness place. They must be free to drive their companies frontward, but exercising that freedom within a model of effectual answerability. This is the kernel of any system of good corporate administration. † For this system to work efficaciously stockholders require full revelation to ease them in their determinations and holding rights when dissatisfied. Consequently companies must unwrap information in their one-year studies saying how they have applied the combined codification and giving stockholders voting rights to dispatch managers. All these demands are set out under the company jurisprudence doing the system successful since it was adopted in EC[ 13 ]and included in the EUD[ 14 ]in 2006 ; sketching same rules. Empirical grounds show that UK has drawn near to the construct of ‘good ‘ corporate administration. Harmonizing to the FTSE ISS Corporate Governance Index and Governance Metrics International Reports, the UK has the highest mean administration score out of all the states. Furthermore 94 %[ 15 ]of UK pension Fundss considered corporate criterions in the UK has developed exceptionally. The undermentioned reforms revolve about two primary issues ( 1 ) deficiency of separation of direction and control and ( 2 ) quandary faced by non-executive managers in footings of monitoring. Accordingly UK ‘s current reforms indicated the demand for independent non-executive managers to understate struggles otherwise present. However, the disadvantage sing this independency is, there is less incentive to pass a sufficient sum of clip commanding company issues because they have no direct relationship with the company. In add-on, uncertainties on how much cognition they get besides poses a job. One possible polar solution that could be incorporated into UK administration is increasing the frequence and continuance of board meetings. Company information is really wide and complex particularly associating to LT fiscal public presentations, competitory place and organizational construction. Therefore it is critical that managers assign more clip to measure the information and deem upon past determinations and events. It is recommended that managers meet on a monthly footing for continual supervising and let managers to turn to all countries and inquire specific inquiries that affect the hereafter of the company. There are issues environing this proposal for illustration, readying, nevertheless the more frequent the meetings the less clip needed to fix as oppose to the clip needed for meetings held every one-fourth. Furthermore, meetings should non be limited to a clip agenda but instead should last until all facets are covered. This method is really flexible for illustration m eetings could last more than one twenty-four hours when a company is in a hard state of affairs. The advantage is that sentiments will be shared more openly and allows non-executive managers to be more involved ; this should be carried when discoursing the long term corporate scheme. Another solution is changing the composing of the board. In the ‘Combined Code ‘ subdivision A.3.2 it pronounces that â€Å" at least half the board, excepting the Chairman, should consist non-executive managers determined by the board to be independent † . This does non stipulate the maximal figure of seats in entire. Therefore it is advisable that the fewer managers, the more likely that each manager can play a dynamic and imperative function. The recommended figure should dwell of eight to ten managers in entire. This is so that there is adequate assortment and sufficient array of point of views. When there are more than ten or twelve members on the board, there will be a â€Å" free rider † job where some manager ‘s will halt preparing for meetings and rely on the work of others ensuing in subjects non being discussed in deepness. Finally UK should see adding a supervisory board like Germany and Japan as this will let wider diverseness among the determination devising procedures. Furthermore it will cut down maltreatments from dominate managers since there is changeless alteration of direction public presentation. Overall UK should discontinue to better bing constabularies and the challenge lies in maintaining UK ‘s corporate administration an plus instead than a liability for companies.